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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-2-16-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1223</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Хронический эндометрит и микросателлитная нестабильность эндометрия: есть ли связь?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic endometritis and endometrial microsatellite instability: is there a connection?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-3421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Леонидович Казачков – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenij L. Kazachkov − Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorkel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9245-3749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Затворницкая</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zatvornitskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Вадимовна Затворницкая – кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra V. Zatvornitskaya – Ph.D. in medicine</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">monostyle@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-7058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачкова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элла Алексеевна Казачкова – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kazachkova − Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazachkovaea@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0800-3380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaeva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Евгеньевна Воропаева – доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina E. Voropaeva − Doctor of Science (Medicine), Associate Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katya_voropaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казачков Е.Л., Затворницкая А.В., Казачкова Э.А., Воропаева Е.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казачков Е.Л., Затворницкая А.В., Казачкова Э.А., Воропаева Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazachkov E.L., Zatvornitskaya A.V., Kazachkova E.A., Voropaeva E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1223">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1223</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним критериев нарушенной репарации ДНК является микросателлитная нестабильность (MSI) – результат функциональной недостаточности системы репарации неспаренных нуклеотидов (MMR) – комплекса белков (MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2, MSH-6). Данных об изучении MSI при хроническом эндометрите (ХЭ) в доступной литературе не обнаружено.</p><p>Цель исследования – определить структурные особенности микросателлитной нестабильности в эндометрии у пациенток с хроническим воспалением слизистой оболочки матки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. I группу пациенток составили 30 женщин с морфологически верифицированным ХЭ высокой степени активности, II группу – 30 пациенток с ХЭ низкой степени активности, III – 30 женщин, обратившихся с целью планирования беременности, с гистологически неизменённым эндометрием. Степень выраженности ХЭ у пациенток I и II групп была разнообразной. Проанализированы уровни экспрессии в эндометрии MLH-1-, MSH-2-, MSH-6и PMS-2-белков с оценкой площади окрашивания ядер и цитоплазмы пораженных клеток на всей площади среза. Использованы непараметрические статистические методы с вычислением критерия Манна-Уитни. Величину вероятности ошибки устанавливали на уровне, равном 0,05. Результаты. Зарегистрировано статистически значимое снижение уровня экспрессии белков MMR в образцах эндометрия пациенток I группы по сравнению с аналогичными показателями у женщин II и III групп. При анализе уровня экспрессии белков MMR в зависимости от степени выраженности ХЭ статистически значимых результатов не обнаружено.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Зарегистрировано статистически значимое снижение уровня экспрессии изучаемых маркеров (MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2, MSH-6) в образцах эндометрия пациенток с ХЭ низкой степени активности по сравнению с биоптатами слизистой оболочки матки с ХЭ высокой степени активности и образцами эндометрия средней стадии фазы секреции. Описанные морфологические особенности слизистой оболочки матки у пациенток с ХЭ низкой степени активности согласуется с результатами исследований других авторов. В литературе представлены указания на структурные особенности MSI при предопухолевых и опухолевых процессах в слизистой оболочке матки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Образцы эндометрия при ХЭ низкой степени активности и различной степени выраженности отличаются статистически значимо более низким уровнем экспрессии MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2, MSH-6 при сравнении с биоптами с ХЭ высокой степени активности и образцами нормального эндометрия, что может свидетельствовать о патогенетической неоднородности развития воспаления в эндометрии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction One of the criteria of impaired DNA repair is microsatellite instability (MSI) resulting from functional insufficiency of the mismatched nucleotide repair (MMR) system, a complex of proteins (MLH-1, PMS- 2, MSH-2, MSH-6). No data on the study of MSI in chronic endometritis (CE) were found in the available literature.</p><p>The aim of the study was to determine the structural features of microsatellite instability in the endometrium in female patients with chronic inflammation of the uterine mucosa.</p><p>Materials and methods Group I consisted of 30 women with morphologically confirmed high-grade CE; Group II consisted of 30 patients with low-grade CE; Group III consisted of 30 women who sought pregnancy planning and had histologically unchanged endometrium. The degree of CE in patients in groups I and II was variable. We analyzed the expression levels of MLH-1-, MSH- 2-, MSH-6-, and PMS-2-proteins in the endometrium by estimating the staining area of nuclei and cytoplasm of the affected cells over the entire slice area. Nonparametric statistical methods with Mann-Whitney test were used. The value of probability of error was set at 0.05.</p><p>Results There was a statistically significant decrease in the level of MMR protein expression in the endometrial samples from the Group I patients compared to the same indices in the Group II and III women. No statistically significant results were found when analyzing the level of MMR protein expression depending on the severity degree of CE.</p><p>Discussion There was a statistically significant decrease in the expression level of the markers studied (MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2, MSH-6) in endometrial specimens from patients with low-activity CE compared to uterine mucosa biopsy specimens from highly active CE and mid-stage endometrial secretion phase specimens. The described morphological features of the uterine mucosa in patients with low-activity CE are consistent with the findings of other authors. The literature provides indications of structural features of MSI in pre-tumor and tumor processes in the uterine mucosa.</p><p>Conclusion Endometrial samples with low activity and various degrees of CE show statistically significantly lower expression levels of MLH-1, PMS-2, MSH-2, MSH-6 when compared to biopsy specimens from highly active CE and normal endometrial samples, which may indicate pathogenetic heterogeneity in the development of inflammation in the endometrium.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Хронический эндометрит</kwd><kwd>микросателлитная нестабильность эндометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic endometritis</kwd><kwd>endometrial microsatellite instability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казачков Е.Л., Осиков М.В. (ред.) Основы патологии: этиология, патогенез, морфология болезней человека: учебник. 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