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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-2-74-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1230</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предиктивная оценка уровня экспрессии микро-РНК и количества районов ядрышковых организаторов при фолликулярной опухоли щитовидной железы неопределенного злокачественного потенциала</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictive assessment of micro RNA expression level and number of nucleolar organizer regions with follicular thyroid tumor of undetermined malignant potential</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-8108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Il’ina</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Евгеньевна Ильина – ассистент кафедры, аспирант</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tat’yana E. Il’ina  – Department assistant, Postgraduate student</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chlorid@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-3421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Леонидович Казачков – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenij L. Kazachkov – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorkel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-9030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергийко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergijko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Сергийко – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergej V. Sergijko – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssv_1964@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильина Т.Е., Казачков Е.Л., Сергийко С.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильина Т.Е., Казачков Е.Л., Сергийко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Il’ina T.E., Kazachkov E.L., Sergijko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1230">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1230</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье приведены современные представления о фолликулярной опухоли щитовидной железы неопределенного злокачественного потенциала (ФОНЗП) c учётом принципов классификации ВОЗ. В качестве методов выявления потенциальных предикторов онкодиагностики приводят молекулярно-генетическое исследование с идентификацией мутации ряда генов, а также определение уровня экспрессии некоторых микроРНК. Показано, что состояние областей ядрышковых организаторов является маркером скорости клеточной пролиферации.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить прогностическую значимость уровня экспрессии некоторых микроРНК и количества районов ядрышковых организаторов в ткани щитовидной железы при ФОНПЗ. Материалы и методы. Изучены профиль, уровень экспрессии микроРНК методом ПЦР в режиме реального времени и районов ядрышковых организаторов в 98 наблюдениях ФОНЗП, составивших 4,75% от всех оперированных за четыре года по поводу опухолей щитовидной железы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В 29 (29,6%) наблюдениях в ткани ФОНЗП зарегистрирован спектр микроРНК, характерный для злокачественных новообразований. В остальных 69 (70,4%) случаях из 98 наблюдений спектр и уровень экспрессии микроРНК соответствовали фолликулярной аденоме. Внутри сформированных подгрупп были выявлены статистически значимые различия показателей среднего количества AgNORs и соотношения между площадью клетки и количеством гранул AgNORs.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Увеличение среднего количества AgNORS и соотношения площади ядра к количеству гранул азотнокислого серебра во 2-ой подгруппе по отношению к 1-ой, а также наличие клеток II типа свидетельствует о появлении пролиферирующих опухолевых клеток в новообразовании и может рассматриваться как прогностические критерии малигнизации опухоли. Данные результаты согласуются с полученными показателями молекулярно-генетического исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Данные литературы и полученные результаты изучения профиля и уровня экспрессии ряда микроРНК, морфометрических характеристик и подсчёт районов ядрышковых организаторов тиреоцитов могут служить в качестве дополнительных критериев оценки пролиферативной активности фолликулярного эпителия при неоплазиях щитовидной железы, в частности, для уточнения потенциала злокачественности. Диагностируемый до операции условно злокачественный вариант ФОНПЗ позволит обосновать необходимость и объём хирургического вмешательства, а при выявлении комплекса критериев условно доброкачественной ФОНПЗ – придерживаться выжидательной тактики и отказаться от оперативного воздействия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction This article presents the current views on follicular thyroid tumor of undetermined malignant potential (FTUMP) taking into account the principles of WHO classification. Molecular genetic study with identification of mutation of some genes as well as determination of expression level of some microRNAs are given as methods for detection of potential predictors of oncodiagnostics. It was shown that the state of nucleus organizer regions is a marker of cell proliferation rate.</p><p>The aim of the investigation was to estimate prognostic significance of expression level of some microRNAs and amount of regions of the nucleus organizers in the thyroid tissue at FTUMP to objectify approaches to development of adequate surgical tactics.</p><p>Materials and methods Profile, microRNA expression level by real time PCR and regions of the nucleus organizers were studied in 98 cases of FTUMP which made up 4.75% of all cases of thyroid tumors operated on during four years.</p><p>Results In 29 (29.6%) cases the spectrum of microRNA typical for malignant neoplasms was registered in the tissue of the FTUMP. In the remaining 69 (70.4%) cases out of 98 observations the spectrum and the expression level of microRNA corresponded to the follicular adenoma. Statistically significant differences in the average number of AgNORs and correlation between the cell area and the number of AgNORs granules were found within the formed subgroups.</p><p>Discussion Increase of the mean number of AgNORs and the ratio of the nucleus area to the number of silver nitrate granules in the 2nd subgroup in comparison with the 1st one, as well as the appearance of the type II cells testifies to the appearance of the proliferating tumor cells in a new tumor growth and can be considered as prognostic criteria of tumor malignization. These results correlate with the findings of molecular-genetic study. </p><p>Conclusion The data of the literature and the results obtained by studying the profile and the expression level of a number of microRNAs, morphometric characteristics and counting of thyrocyte nucleus organizer regions may serve as additional criteria for evaluation of the proliferative activity of the follicular epithelium in thyroid neoplasms, in particular to clarify the malignancy potential. Preoperatively diagnosed conditionally malignant FTUMP will allow to justify the necessity and amount of surgical intervention, and if a complex of criteria of conditionally benign FTUMP is revealed, to stick to the waiting tactics and refuse surgical intervention.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фолликулярная опухоль щитовидной железы неопределенного злокачественного потенциала</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>районы ядрышковых организаторов тиреоцитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>follicular thyroid tumor of undetermined malignant potential</kwd><kwd>micro-RNA</kwd><kwd>thyroid nucleus organizer regions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lloyd RV, Osamura RY, Kloppel G, Rosai J. WHO Classification of tumours of endocrine organs. 4th ed. 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