urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-2-84-92urmj-1231Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesКлинико-морфологическая и иммуногистохимическая характеристика аденом передней доли гипофизаClinical-morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of adenomas of the anterior pituitary lobehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2480-9675ПетровС. В.PetrovS. V.

Семен Венедиктович Петров – доктор медицинских наук, профессор

Казань

 

Semen V. Petrov – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor 

Kazan

semyonp@mail.ruАбузоваЯ. С.AbuzovaYa. S.

Яна Сергеевна Абузова – врач-патологоанатом

Казань

 

Yana S. Abuzova – Pathologist

Kazan

ГизатуллинаН. Ф.GizatullinaN. F.

Насима Фелюровна Гизатуллина – кандидат медицинских наук, врач-патологоанатом

Казань

 

Nasima F. Gizatullina – Ph.D. in medicine, Pathologist

Kazan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5342-3678СоколоваЕ. О.SokolovaE. O.

Евгения Олеговна Соколова – врач-патологоанатом, ассистент кафедры

Казань

Evgenija O. Sokolova – Pathologist, Department assistant

Kazan

Казанский государственный медицинский университет; Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр; Республиканский клинический онкологический диспансерРоссияKazan State Medical University; Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic Center; Republican Clinical Oncologic DispensaryRussian FederationМежрегиональный клинико-диагностический центрРоссияInterregional Clinical and Diagnostic CenterRussian FederationКазанский государственный медицинский университет; Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центрРоссияKazan State Medical University; Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic CenterRussian Federation2023300420232228492Copyright © Петров С.В., Абузова Я.С., Гизатуллина Н.Ф., Соколова Е.О., 20232023Петров С.В., Абузова Я.С., Гизатуллина Н.Ф., Соколова Е.О.Petrov S.V., Abuzova Y.S., Gizatullina N.F., Sokolova E.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1231Введение

Введение. Клинико-морфологическая характеристика аденом гипофиза остается актуальной проблемой, имеющей большое значение ввиду поражения лиц трудоспособного возраста. Цель работы − выделение клинически-значимых морфологических и иммуногистохимических особенностей аденом гипофиза. Материал и методы. За период с 2020−2022 гг. исследовали операционный материал, полученный после трансназального удаления опухолей (62 случая). После стандартного гистологического исследования выполняли иммуногистохимическую верификацию гормонального статуса новообразования, определяли индекс Ki-67. В работе были использованы моноклональные тканеи органоспецифические антитела, антитела к гормонам гипофиза.

Результаты

Результаты. Исследованы 62 аденомы: 25 у мужчин и 37 у женщин. Наиболее часто аденома гипофиза диагностирована в возрасте от 51 до 70 лет. Аденомы встречались в основном небольших и средних размеров с преобладанием супраи латероселлярного расположения. Гормон-позитивных аденом было 41, «немых» новообразований, без признаков синтеза трофных гормонов, – 21. Среди гормон-позитивных аденом преобладали гонадотропиномы и кортикотропиномы. Индекс Ki67 на нашем материале не превышал 1−2%, что является благоприятным прогностическим фактором для низкого рецидивирования аденом.

Обсуждение

Обсуждение. В отличие от ранее опубликованных работ, в нашем материале преобладали гонадотропиномы и кортикотропиномы. Выделены наиболее важные в диагностическом плане маркеры, которые применены для целей повседневной морфологической верификации аденом гипофиза.

Заключение

Заключение. Особенностью работы являлось преобладание гормон-позитивных аденом небольших размеров. В то же время гормон-позитивные опухоли довольно долго не давали клинических проявлений и протекали скрытно. Низкая пролиферативность исследованных аденом являлась благоприятным прогностическим признаком.

Introduction Clinical and morphological characterization of pituitary adenomas remains a topical problem of great importance in view of lesions in persons of working age.

Purpose of work was to identify clinically relevant morphological and immunohistochemical features of pituitary adenomas.

Material and Methods Sixty-two adenomas were studied: 25 in men and 37 in women. Pituitary adenoma was most frequently diagnosed between 51 and 70 years of age. Adenomas were mostly of small and medium size with predominance of supra- and laterosellar location. There were 41 hormone-positive adenomas and 21 “dumb” neoplasms without signs of trophic hormone synthesis. Gonadotropinomas and corticotropinomas prevailed among hormone-positive adenomas. Ki67 index in our material did not exceed 1−2%, which is a favorable prognostic factor for low recurrence of adenomas.

Results 62 adenomas were studied, 25 in men and 37 in women. Vast majority of adenomas were diagnosed at the age of 51 to 70 years. Adenomas mainly had small and medium size, with a predominance of supra- and laterosellar localization. Out of 62 adenomas 41 were hormone-positive, and 21 were “silent” neoplasms without signs of synthesis of trophic hormones. Among hormone-positive adenomas, most were gonadotropinomas and corticotropinomas. The Ki67 index in our material did not exceed 1-2%, which is a favorable prognostic factor for low recurrence of adenomas.

Discussion In contrast to previously published works, gonadotropinomas and corticotropinomas prevailed in our material. The most diagnostically important markers were identified and applied for routine morphological verification of pituitary adenomas.

Conclusion The predominance of hormone-positive adenomas of small size was a peculiarity of the work. At the same time, hormone-positive tumors had no clinical manifestations for quite a long time and were latent. Low proliferativity of the studied adenomas was a favorable prognostic sign.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.