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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-2-109-121</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перинатальные исходы и результаты морфологического исследования плацент у беременных с критическим поражением легких при новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Perinatal outcomes and morphological examination of placentas in pregnant women with critical lung lesions in new COVID-19 coronavirus infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0800-3380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воропаева</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voropaeva</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Евгеньевна Воропаева – доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina E. Voropaeva – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Associate Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katya_voropaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-7149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайдукова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaidukova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Хайдукова – аспирант</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Haidukova – Post-graduate student</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jumi.06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-7058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачкова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Элла Алексеевна Казачкова – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ella A. Kazachkova – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kazachkovaea@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4512-3421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казачков</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazachkov</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Леонидович Казачков – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny L. Kazachkov – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctorkel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6327-2685</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамаева</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamaeva</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Николаевна Шамаева - кандидат педагогических наук, доцент</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Shamaeva – Ph.D. in pedagogics, Associate professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shamtan@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6270-8707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliyeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Авзаловна Алиева – аспирант</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina A. Alieva – Postgraduate student</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alievaa.ak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-0134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ищенко</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ishchenko</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Станиславовна Ищенко – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila S. Ischenko – Ph.D. in medicine, Associate professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyudalyn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5559-0069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холопова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Holopova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Юрьевна Холопова – аспирант</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna YU. Kholopova – Postgraduate student</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherry_lady33@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-6944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычугов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychugov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глеб Вячеславович Сычугов – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>Челябинск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb V. Sychugov – Ph.D. in medicine, Associate professor</p><p>Chelyabinsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">docsgv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South-Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воропаева Е.Е., Хайдукова Ю.В., Казачкова Э.А., Казачков Е.Л., Шамаева Т.Н., Алиева А.А., Ищенко Л.С., Холопова А.Ю., Сычугов Г.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воропаева Е.Е., Хайдукова Ю.В., Казачкова Э.А., Казачков Е.Л., Шамаева Т.Н., Алиева А.А., Ищенко Л.С., Холопова А.Ю., Сычугов Г.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voropaeva E.E., Khaidukova Y.V., Kazachkova E.A., Kazachkov E.L., Shamaeva T.N., Aliyeva A.A., Ishchenko L.S., Holopova A.Y., Sychugov G.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1234">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1234</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Вероятность неблагоприятного перинатального исхода при новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКИ) COVID-19 повышается с ростом объема поражения легочной ткани и коррелирует со степенью выраженности дыхательной недостаточности (ДН). При этом перинатальные исходы и структурные изменения плацент у беременных с критическим поражением легких при НКИ COVID-19 изучены недостаточно.</p><p>Цель исследования – определить перинатальные исходы и характер плацентарных повреждений у беременных с критическим поражением легких при новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное когортное сравнительное исследование с последующим ретроспективным анализом перинатальных исходов и результатов гистологического изучения плацент у 53 беременных с НКИ COVID-19. Сформированы две группы: 1 группа – 25 женщин с НКИ COVID-19, осложненной внебольничной пневмонией с критическим поражением легких (КТ-4, 76% и более); 2 группа – 28 беременных с НКИ COVID-19, осложненной внебольничной пневмонией со среднетяжелым поражением легких (КТ-2, 25-50%). Проведен анализ перинатальных исходов и результатов морфологического исследования плацент с использованием положений классификации повреждений плаценты, разработанной Amsterdam Placenta Workshop Group (2014).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В основной группе отсутствовали дети, рожденные с признаками задержки роста плода (ЗРП), а в группе сравнения таких детей было 8,7%. У 1 (4,3%) живорожденного 2 группы непосредственно после рождения в мазке из носоглотки методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) диагностирован антиген SARS-CoV-2. В последующем ребёнок умер в постнеонатальном периоде на 33 сутки жизни. Антенатальная гибель плодов у женщин 1 группы явилась результатом выраженной гипоксии матери и экстремально ранних преждевременных родов (ПР), во 2 группе – следствием плацентарных повреждений. У всех пациенток с НКИ COVID-19, осложненной критическим поражением легких, и со среднетяжелым поражением легких, идентифицирован широкий спектр плацентарных повреждений, включающий материнскую и плодовую мальперфузию, материнский и фетальный воспалительный ответ.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Плаценты беременных, родоразрешенных ввиду критического состояния, не имеют выраженных воспалительных и дистрофических нарушений, характеризуясь явлениями острой плацентарной недостаточности (ПН). Напротив, плаценты женщин, успешно завершивших лечение НКИ COVID-19 средней степени тяжести и благополучно родоразрешенных на поздних сроках беременности, демонстрируют весь спектр воспалительных и гипоксических повреждений, приводящих к субкомпенсированной и декомпенсированной ПН.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В плацентах женщин с НКИ COVID-19 и критическим поражением лёгких регистрируются слабо выраженные дистрофические процессы, лимфоцитарная инфильтрация децидуальной и плодной оболочек, признаки частичной сосудистой мальперфузии материнского отдела плаценты и фетальных стромально-сосудистых повреждений, явления острой ПН. Отсутствие в плацентах этих пациенток выраженной воспалительной инфильтрации ворсин и плодных оболочек, дистрофических процессов, межворсинковых тромбозов и инфарктов ворсин, реализующихся в декомпенсированную ПН, обусловлено незамедлительным родоразрешением беременных с критическим поражением лёгких при НКИ COVID-19.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction The likelihood of adverse perinatal outcome in new coronavirus infection (NKI) COVID-19 increases with the volume of lung tissue damage and correlates with the severity of respiratory failure (DN). Nevertheless, perinatal outcomes and placenta structural changes in pregnant women with critical lung lesions during NKI COVID-19 have been insufficiently studied.</p><p>The objective of this investigation was to determine perinatal outcomes and the nature of placental lesions in pregnant women with critical lung injury during novel COVID-19 coronavirus infection.</p><p>Material and methods A prospective cohort comparative study was conducted, with subsequent retrospective analysis of perinatal outcomes and the results of histologic examination of the placentas in 53 pregnant women with COVID-19 NCI. Group 1 was composed of 25 women with NKI COVID-19 complicated by community-acquired pneumonia with critical lung injury (KT-4, 76% or more); Group 2 was composed of 28 pregnant women with NKI COVID-19 complicated by community-acquired pneumonia with moderate-to-severe lung injury (KT-2, 25-50%). Perinatal outcomes and the results of morphological examination of the placenta were analyzed using the provisions of the classification of placental injuries developed by the Amsterdam Placenta Workshop Group (2014).</p><p>Results In the main group, there were no children born with signs of miscarriage, while in the comparison group there were 8.7% of such children. SARS-CoV-2 antigen was diagnosed in a nasopharyngeal swab immediately after birth in 1 (4.3%) live-born infant in group 2 by PCR. The child died in the postnatal period on the 33rd day of life. Antenatal fetal death in women of Group 1 was the result of marked maternal hypoxia and extremely early PP, in Group 2 - the consequence of placental lesions. A wide spectrum of placental damages, including maternal and fetal malperfusion, maternal and fetal COVID-19 complicated by critical lung injury and with moderate lung injury.</p><p>Discussion The placentas of pregnant women delivered due to critical condition do not have pronounced inflammatory and distrophic disorders, being characterized by the phenomena of acute PU. On the contrary, the placentas of women who successfully completed treatment with COVID-19 NKI of moderate severity and safely delivered at late gestational age exhibit the full spectrum of inflammatory and hypoxic lesions, leading to subcompensated and decompensated PU.</p><p>Conclusion Weakly pronounced dystrophic processes, lymphocytic infiltration of the decidual and fetal membranes, signs of partial maternal vascular malperfusion and fetal stromal-vascular lesions, and acute PU phenomena were recorded in the placentas of women with NCI COVID-19 and critical pulmonary lesions. The absence of marked inflammatory infiltration of villi and fetal membranes, dystrophic processes, intervillous thrombosis, and villous infarcts realized in decompensated PU in the placentas of these patients was due to the immediate delivery of pregnant women with critical pulmonary lesions in NCI COVID-19. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>критическое поражение легких</kwd><kwd>перинатальные исходы</kwd><kwd>структурные изменения плацент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>new coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>critical lung injury</kwd><kwd>perinatal outcomes</kwd><kwd>morphological findings of placentas</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воропаева Е.Е., Ищенко Л.С., Михайлова С.А. с соавт. 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