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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-3-74-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1267</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи | Clinical cases</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical cases</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность назначения укороченного режима химиотерапии у пациента с лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулезом с применением оперативного вмешательства в ранние сроки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficacy of a shorter chemotherapy regimen in a patient with drug-resistant tuberculosis with early surgical intervention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8745-7940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумоватов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumovatov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Владимирович Чумоватов – аспирант</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita V. Chumovatov – Postgraduate student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Necro5412@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4427-3804</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссарова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Геннадьевна Комиссарова – доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana G. Komissarova – Doctor of Science (Medicine)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksana.komissarova.72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyh</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Александровна Черных – кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natal’ja A. Chernyh – PhD in Medicine</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natadok@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эргешов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ergeshov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Атаджан Эргешович Эргешов – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Atadzhan E. Ergeshov – Doctor of Science (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mail@mednet.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулеза</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чумоватов Н.В., Комиссарова О.Г., Черных Н.А., Эргешов А.Э., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чумоватов Н.В., Комиссарова О.Г., Черных Н.А., Эргешов А.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumovatov N.V., Komissarova O.G., Chernyh N.A., Ergeshov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1267">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1267</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Лечение множественной лекарственной устойчивости туберкулеза составляет от 18 до 24 месяцев, в связи с чем имеется высокая частота прерывания терапии, в том числе по инициативе пациента. За последние годы в мире активно обсуждаются возможности применения укороченных схем противотуберкулезной терапии для лечения множественной лекарственной устойчивости туберкулеза. Первое применение укороченных схем химиотерапии проводилось в трех регионах Российской Федерации в 2019 году. Однако распространенность использования укороченных схем химиотерапии в нашей стране сохраняется на низком уровне.</p><p>Цель работы – продемонстрировать высокую эффективность укороченного режима химиотерапии с применением оперативного вмешательства.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В условиях Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза пациентке проводили комплексное обследование, включающее обязательные, дополнительные и факультативные методы исследования. На основании полученных данных комплексного обследования и установленной широкой лекарственной устойчивости микобактерий туберкулеза назначен укороченный курс химиотерапии, и через 2 месяца проводимой терапии проведено хирургическое лечение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Принято решение проводить противотуберкулезную терапию по укороченной схеме в объёме: Линезолид, Бедаквилин, Циклосерин, Левофлоксацин, Пиразинамид. Учитывая положительную рентгенологическую динамику через два месяца лечения и отсутствие противопоказаний, проведено оперативное вмешательство на ранних сроках. По окончанию девятимесячного курса химиотерапии у пациентки отмечается стабильная рентгенологическая картина, «свежих» очаговых и инфильтративных изменений в легких не обнаружено. Применение оперативного лечения в ранние сроки при укороченной схеме химиотерапии может стать высокоэффективным методом излечения лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза в Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Укороченная схема химиотерапии с определением оптимальных сроков проведения оперативного вмешательства высокоэффективна и безопасна для применения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis lasts 18 to 24 months, so there is a high rate of therapy interruptions, including patient-initiated interruptions. In recent years, the use of shorter regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been actively discussed around the world. The first use of shorter chemotherapy regimens was conducted in three regions of the Russian Federation in 2019. However, the prevalence of the use of shorter chemotherapy regimens in our country remains low.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the high efficacy of a shortened chemotherapy regimen with surgical intervention.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the conditions of the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, the patient underwent a comprehensive examination, including mandatory, additional and optional methods of investigation. Based on the findings of the comprehensive examination and established broad drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a shorter course of chemotherapy was prescribed and surgical treatment was performed after 2 months of therapy.</p><p>Results and Discussion It was decided to carry out anti-tuberculosis therapy according to a shortened scheme in the amounts: Linezolid, Bedaquiline, Cycloserine, Levofloxacin, Pyrazinamide. Taking into account positive radiological dynamics after two months of treatment and absence of contraindications, early surgery intervention was performed. At the end of a nine-month course of chemotherapy the patient had a stable radiological picture, “fresh” focal and infiltrative changes in the lungs were not detected. Early surgical treatment with a shorter chemotherapy regimen may become a highly effective method in the cure of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A shorter chemotherapy regimen with optimal timing of surgical intervention is highly effective and safe to use.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулёз</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>укороченные курсы</kwd><kwd>лекарственная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>short – course</kwd><kwd>drug – resistant</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нечаева О.Б., Сон И.М., Гордина А.В. с соавт. Ресурсы и деятельность противотуберкулезных организаций Российской Федерации в 2019–2020 гг. (статистические материалы). М : РИО ЦНИИОИЗ ; 2021. 112 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nechaeva OB, Son IM, Gordina AV et al. Resources and activities of TB organizations of the Russian Federation in 2019-2020 (statistical materials). M : RIO CNIIOIZ ; 2021. 112 p. 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