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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2023-22-4-61-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ токсического действия фторхинолонов на модели лабораторных кроликов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the toxic effects of fluoroquinolones in laboratory rabbit models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7826-9657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Изможерова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmozherova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Владимировна Изможерова, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующийкафедрой фармакологии и клинической фармакологии, </p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda V. Izmozherova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadezhda_izm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-9571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базарный</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazarnyi</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Викторович Базарный, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела общей патологии и гистологической лаборатории,</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Bazarnyi, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of the Department of General Pathology and the Histology Laboratory, </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlad-bazarny@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7907-2629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахтин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhtin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Михайлович Бахтин, ассистент кафедры фармакологии и клиническойфармакологии, </p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Bakhtin, Assistant at the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bakhtin.v95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-7222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полушина</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polushina</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лариса Георгиевна Полушина, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела общей патологии и гистологической лаборатории,</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa G. Polushina, Ph.D. in medicine, Senior Researcher of the Department of General Pathology and the Histology Laboratory, </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polushina-larisa@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-4315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арина Юрьевна Максимова, младший научный сотрудник отдела общей патологии и гистологической лаборатории,</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina Yu. Maksimova, Researcher of the Department of General Pathology and the Histology Laboratory, </p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oreshek92@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Изможерова Н.В., Базарный В.В., Бахтин В.М., Полушина Л.Г., Максимова А.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Изможерова Н.В., Базарный В.В., Бахтин В.М., Полушина Л.Г., Максимова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Izmozherova N.V., Bazarnyi V.V., Bakhtin V.M., Polushina L.G., Maksimova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1292">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1292</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Фторхинолоны – антибактериальные средства, для которых отмечено развитие кардиотоксичности, гепатотоксичности, нефротоксичности, поражения соединительной ткани. Вероятный механизм развития указанных реакций – нарушение обмена магния. Доступным методом выявления токсичности фторхинолонов в эксперименте на животных является биохимическое исследование крови.</p><p>Цель работы – выявить биохимические признаки токсического действия фторхинолонов на модели лабораторных кроликов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 20 кроликов-самцов, рандомизированных на три группы: 6 контрольных животных; 7 кроликов, получавших ципрофлоксацин 150 мг/кг 14 суток; 7 кроликов, получавших левофлоксацин 150 мг/кг 14 суток. В работе были исследованы сывороточные уровни альбумина, аланинаминотрансферазы (маркёры повреждения печени), креатинина (маркёр нефротоксичности), креатинкиназы МВ (маркёр кардиотоксичности), матриксной металлопротеиназы 9 (маркёр повреждения соединительной ткани), сывороточное и плазменное содержание магния. Данные представлены как среднее (стандартное отклонение).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ходе эксперимента сывороточные уровни альбумина, аланинаминотрансферазы и креатинина не изменялись. У кроликов, получавших левофлоксацин, значения активности креатинкиназы МВ были в 2,0–2,5 раза меньше, чем у контрольных животных. Отмечено двукратное увеличение сывороточной концентрации матриксной металлопротеиназы 9 в группе ципрофлоксацина по сравнению с контролем (70,17 (20,88) и 38,10 (16,04) нг/мл соответственно, р = 0,019). Содержание магния не изменилось при использовании обоих фторхинолонов.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Отсутствие признаков гепатотоксичности и нефротоксичности согласуется с низкой частотой их выявления в клинических и экспериментальных исследованиях. Снижение активности креатинкиназы МВ у получавших левофлоксацин животных не описано в литературе. Увеличение концентрации металлопротеиназы 9 свидетельствует о деструкции соединительнотканных структур. Отсутствие изменения сывороточных и плазменных концентраций магния объясняется функционированием систем, поддерживающих постоянство его содержания в крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В эксперименте на кроликах не обнаружено биохимических признаков гепато-, нефро- и кардиотоксического действия ципрофлоксацина и левофлоксацина в дозах 150 мг/кг в течение 14 суток; не показано нарушение обмена магния; продемонстрирована способность ципрофлоксацина увеличивать содержание в сыворотке матриксной металлопротеиназы 9 типа. Предложенная модель может использоваться для исследования способов профилактики токсического действия фторхинолонов по отношению к соединительнотканным структурам.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Fluoroquinolones are antibacterials for which the development of cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and connective tissue damage has been noted. The likely mechanism for the development of these reactions is magnesium metabolism disorder. An available method to detect fluoroquinolones toxicity in animal experiments is a blood biochemical test.</p><p>The aim of the work was to identify the biochemical signs of the toxic effects of fluoroquinolones in laboratory rabbit models.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Twenty male rabbits randomised into three groups were included in the study: 6 control animals; 7 rabbits treated with ciprofloxacin 150 mg/kg 14 days; 7 rabbits treated with levofloxacin 150 mg/kg 14 days. Serum levels of albumin, alanine aminotransferase (liver damage marker), creatinine (nephrotoxicity marker), creatine kinase MB (cardiotoxicity marker), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (connective tissue damage marker), serum and plasma magnesium content were studied in this work. Data are presented as mean (standard deviation).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Serum levels of albumin, alanine aminotransferase and creatinine did not change during the experiment. Rabbits treated with levofloxacin had 2.0–2.5 times lower values of CF creatine kinase activity than control animals. There was double increase of serum concentration of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in ciprofloxacin group in comparison with control (70,17 (20,88) and 38,10 (16,04) ng/ ml, p = 0,019). Magnesium content was unchanged with both fluoroquinolones.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. The absence of signs of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity is consistent with their low frequency of detection in clinical and experimental studies. A decrease in the activity of creatine kinase MB in animals treated with levofloxacin has not been described in the literature. An increase in the concentration of metalloproteinase 9 is evidence of destruction of connective tissue structures. The absence of changes in serum and plasma concentrations of magnesium is explained by the functioning of the systems maintaining the constancy of its content in blood.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. No biochemical evidence of hepato-, nephro- and cardiotoxic effects of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin at the doses of 150 mg/kg for 14 days was shown in rabbits; no magnesium metabolism disorders were shown, and the ability of ciprofloxacin to increase the serum content of matrix metalloproteinase type 9 was demonstrated. The proposed model can be used to investigate ways to prevent the toxic effects of fluoroquinolones on connective tissue structures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фторхинолоны</kwd><kwd>ципрофлоксацин</kwd><kwd>левофлоксацин</kwd><kwd>магний</kwd><kwd>матриксная металлопротеиназа 9</kwd><kwd>креатинкиназа MB</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fluoroquinolones</kwd><kwd>ciprofloxacin</kwd><kwd>levofloxacin</kwd><kwd>magnesium</kwd><kwd>matrix metalloproteinase 9</kwd><kwd>creatine kinase MB</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке ФГБОУ ВО УГМУ Минздрава России.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was financially supported by Ural State Medical University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hooper DC, Wolfson JS. 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