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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/umj.23.2.25</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EUSIEH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1493</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллотендопластика в лечении привычного вывиха надколенника у взрослых пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allotendoplasty in Treatment of Habitual Patella Dislocation in Adults</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2746-7076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гюльназарова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gyulnazarova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стелла Вагериосовна Гюльназарова (1936–2024) — доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stella V. Gyulnazarova (1936–2024) — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yasennd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-8150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутепов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutepov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Михайлович Кутепов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei M. Kutepov — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kcm@usma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гюльназарова С.В., Кутепов С.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гюльназарова С.В., Кутепов С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gyulnazarova S.V., Kutepov S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1493">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1493</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Привычный вывих надколенника — врожденная патология, проявляющаяся в детском или подростковом возрасте, требующая оперативного лечения. Если это заболевание не было своевременно устранено, то врожденный вывих коленной чашечки приобретает свойства привычного вывиха. Для лечения этого заболевания применяют реконструктивные операции, направленные на укрепление внутреннего отдела коленного сустава (КС) с формированием из него фиброзного лоскута на ножке или вертикальной полоски, которые перемещают в наружный отдел сустава, фиксируя их к прилежащим тканям. Однако эти операции могут быть выполнены только при сохранности анатомической структуры медиального сухожильного растяжения КС, которое после многократных вывихов надколенника ослабляется, становится растянутым, рыхлым. В связи с этим собственные ткани больного этой области невозможно использовать при реконструктивных операциях.</p><p>Цель исследования — разработать новый малотравматичный способ лечения привычного вывиха надколенника у взрослых пациентов, обеспечивающий его надежную стабилизацию относительно суставной площадки на дистальном эпиметафизе бедра и профилактику вывиха надколенника.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Техника операции включает латеральный релиз КС, мобилизацию связки надколенника и ее отсечение вместе с костным фрагментом бугристости большеберцовой кости. На 1,5–2,0 см медиальнее зоны забора собственной связки надколенника в эпиметафизе большеберцовой кости формируют новое ложе аналогичной формы иразмеров, куда плотно внедряют отсеченный фрагмент бугристости большеберцовой кости и фиксируют его спонгиозным винтом. Зону забора связки надколенника замещают костной аутотканью из внутреннего отдела эпиметафиза большеберцовой кости, образовавшегося при формировании нового ложа для отсеченного фрагмента бугристости большеберцовой кости. В сухожилии четырехглавой мышцы бедра над надколенником формируют поперечный тоннель, через который проводят аллосухожилие. Его концы сшивают между собой, образуя связку и в положении натяжения и полного разгибания КС фиксируют швами к «гусиной лапке» голени.</p><p>По такой технологии оперированы 45 пациентов в возрасте (35,5±2,3) года. Результаты оценивали по шкале Бристоля для КС (англ. Bristol Knee Score) через 5 лет после операции. Отличные результаты установлены у35 человек, хорошие — у10. Рецидивы вывихов надколенника не выявлены.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Новая технология аллотендопластики для лечения привычного вывиха надколенника у взрослых пациентов обеспечивает упрощение техники операции, не наносит дополнительной травмы тканям КС, надежно стабилизирует надколенник относительно его суставной площадки на дистальном эпиметафизе бедра, исключает рецидивы вывихов надколенника, нормализует функцию коленного и пателлофеморального суставов, профилактируя тем самым прогрессирование остеоартроза в них.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Habitual dislocation of patella is a congenital disease that manifests in early childhood or adolescent age and requires surgical treatment. In case this condition has not been rectiﬁed timely, the congenial patellar luxation develops the properties of a habitual dislocation accompanied by pain syndrome and osteoarthrosis development in the patellofemoral and knee joints. In most cases reconstructive surgery is used for this disease treatment; it is aimed at the strengthening of the knee joint interval compartment, with the formation of a ﬁbrous graﬅ or a vertical strip of it, which are moved to the knee joint outside compartment and ﬁxed to adjacent tissues with sutures. However, such surgery is possible only in case of preserved anatomic structures of the knee medial compartment. In adult patients, aﬅer multiple patellar dislocations, the interval joint capsule and medial aponeurosis lose their normal structure, become weakened, strained, and loose. That is why the patient’s own tissues from that area cannot be used for reconstructive surgery.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to develop the new low-traumatic method of treatment for habitual dislocation of kneecap in adult patients to ensure its reliable stabilization as related to the joint surface on distal femoral epimetaphys, and to prevent patella dislocation relapse.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Surgery technique consists of the lateral release of knee joint, mobilization of patellar ligament and its excision together with the fragment of tibial tuberosity osseous. On 1.5–2.0 cm medially from the area of own patellar ligament harvesting in tibia epimetaphys, the new bed with the similar form and shape is formed, and the excised tibial tuberosity fragment with patellar ligament is introduced there and ﬁxed with a Cancellous screw.</p><p>The area of own patellar ligament harvestingis ﬁlled up with autogenous osseous tissue taken from the medial part of tibia epimetaphys when forming the new bed for the excised tibial tuberosity fragment. Transversal tunnelis formedin the quadriceps tendon above the patella; allotendonis pulledvia this tunnel. The allotendon ends are sutured together, thus forming the duplication, analogous to the ligament, and ﬁxit, stretched to “pes anserinus” of the shin onits anterior-interior surface.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The new technology of allotendoplasty for the treatment of habitual kneecap dislocation in adult patients facilitates the surgical technique, additionally strengthens medial compartment tissues of the knee, reliably stabilizes the patella as related to its joint surface on distal femoral epimetaphys, eliminates patella dislocation relapse, normalizes the knee and patellofemoral joints functioning by preventing osteoarthrosis progression in them.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллотендопластика</kwd><kwd>коленный сустав</kwd><kwd>пателлофеморальный сустав</kwd><kwd>надколенник</kwd><kwd>привычный вывих</kwd><kwd>остеоартроз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allotendoplasty</kwd><kwd>knee</kwd><kwd>patellofemoral joint</kwd><kwd>kneecap</kwd><kwd>habitual dislocation</kwd><kwd>osteoarthrosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pustovoit BA, Baburkina EP, Abdul-Aziz Rashid TZ. 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