urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.23.3.16DAOCFWurmj-1531Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesВлияние пандемии COVID‑19 на выявление, диагностику и лечение туберкулеза в Республике Северной Осетии — АланииThe Influence of the COVID‑19 Pandemic on the Detection, Diagnosis and Treatment in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alaniahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9833-5700КобесовН. В.KobesovN. V.

Николай Викторович Кобесов — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры фтизиопульмонологии

Владикавказ

Nikolay V. Kobesov — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Assistant of Department of Phthisiopulmonology

Vladikavkaz

kobesovn@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8951-5219СиницинМ. В.SinitsinM. V.

Михаил Валерьевич Синицин — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заместитель главного врача по хирургии

Москва

Michael V. Sinitsyn — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery

Moscow

msinitsyn@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1149-5400ЗагдынЗ. М.ZagdynZ. M.

Зинаида Моисеевна Загдын — доктор медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник

Москва

Zinaida M. Zagdyn — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Senior Researcher Scientist

Moscow

dinmetyan@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-912XПагиеваМ. К.PagievaM. K.

Мадина Казбековна Пагиева — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры хирургических болезней

Владикавказ

Madina K. Pagieva — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Assistant of Department of Surgical Disease

Vladikavkaz

pagievamadi@rambler.ruСеверо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академияРоссияNorth Ossetia State Medical AcademyRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеванийРоссияNational Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious DiseasesRussian FederationНациональный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья имени Н. А. СемашкоРоссияN. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public HealthRussian Federation2024110720242331625Copyright © Кобесов Н.В., Синицин М.В., Загдын З.М., Пагиева М.К., 20242024Кобесов Н.В., Синицин М.В., Загдын З.М., Пагиева М.К.Kobesov N.V., Sinitsin M.V., Zagdyn Z.M., Pagieva M.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1531Введение

Введение. Приоритетность мероприятий по сдерживанию пандемии COVID-19 привела к снижению охвата и интенсивности противотуберкулезных мероприятий.

Цель работы — оценка показателей выявления, диагностики и лечения туберкулеза во время пандемии COVID-19 в Республике Северной Осетии (РСО) — Алании и их сравнение с таковыми на всероссийском уровне.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. На платформах PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, «КиберЛенинка» и eLibrary проведен предварительный сбор статистических сведений в российских и нескольких зарубежных источниках, наиболее близких по теме. Выполнен анализ эпидемиологии туберкулеза в РСО — Алании за 2020–2021 гг. по данным годовых отчетных форм и отчета систем эпидемиологического мониторинга туберкулеза.

Результаты

Результаты. Выявляемость туберкулеза в период пандемии снизилась. Показатель таковых в РСО — Алании был выше по сравнению с общероссийским уровнем. Клинико-диагностические показатели по туберкулезу в республике в 2020 г. были ниже по сравнению с таковыми за 2021 г. по исследованию мокроты, фазы распада, бактериовыделения. Доля успешной химиотерапии туберкулеза в республике была выше, чем в ряде субъектов России.

Обсуждение

Обсуждение. Отмечено снижение регистрируемых и, очевидно, накопление скрытых случаев туберкулеза во время пандемии COVID-19 2020 г. в связи с падением профилактического охвата населения в России. Выявляются утяжеление клинической структуры туберкулеза в 2021 г. в РСО — Алании и рост доли пациентов с деструкцией легочной ткани и фиброзно-кавернозным типом заболевания в России, возможно, вследствие несвоевременного выявления туберкулеза.

Заключение

Заключение. Выявлена низкая активность первичных медицинских организаций в отношении туберкулеза. Ограничения по предотвращению распространения возбудителя SARS-CoV-2 способствовали снижению охвата и интенсивности проведения противотуберкулезных мероприятий. Пандемия COVID-19 однозначно повлияла на показатели первичной диагностики туберкулеза в 2020 г., а в 2021 г. отмечено их существенное увеличение.

Introduction

Introduction. Prioritization of measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of TB control activities.

The aim of study to assess the indicators of detection, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and compare them with those at the all-Russian level.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A preliminary collection of statistical information in Russian and several foreign sources closest to the topic was carried out on the PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, CyberLeninka and eLibrary platforms. An analysis of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in North Ossetia for 2020–2021 was performed. according to annual reporting forms and reports from epidemiological monitoring systems for tuberculosis.

Results

Results. The detection rate of tuberculosis has decreased during the pandemic. The indicator in North Ossetia was higher than the national level. Clinical and diagnostic indicators for tuberculosis in the republic in 2020 were lower compared to those for 2021 for the study of sputum, decay phase, and bacterial excretion. The proportion of successful tuberculosis chemotherapy in the republic was higher than in a number of regions of the Russia.

Discussion

Discussion. There was a decrease in registered and, obviously, accumulation of latent cases of tuberculosis during the COVID 19 2020 pandemic due to a drop in preventive coverage of the population in the Russia. A worsening of the clinical structure of tuberculosis in 2021 in Republic of North Ossetia and an increase in the proportion of patients with destruction of lung tissue and the fibrous-cavernous type of disease in the Russia are revealed, possibly due to untimely detection of tuberculosis.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Low activity of primary health care organizations regarding tuberculosis was revealed. Restrictions to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen contributed to a decrease in the coverage and intensity of anti-tuberculosis measures. The COVID-19 pandemic clearly affected the rates of primary diagnosis of tuberculosis in 2020, and in 2021 a significant increase was noted.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.