urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.23.4.41DUJFIGurmj-1571Research ArticleЛитературные обзоры | Literature reviewsLiterature reviewsРадиомика в лучевой диагностике биологических подтипов рака молочной железы (обзор литературы)Radiomics in the Radiation Diagnosis of Biological Subtypes of Breast Cancer (Literature Review)https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4753-2463ПоповаА. Ю.PopovaA. Y.

Алиса Юрьевна Попова✉ — заведующий отделением лучевой диагностики

Екатеринбург

Alisa Y. Pоpоvа✉ — Head of the Department of X‑ray Diagnostics

Еkaterinburg

mrs.alisapopova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-9157ГажоноваВ. Е.GazhonovaV. E.

Вероника Евгеньевна Гажонова — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры рентгенологии и ультразвуковой диагностики

Москва

Veronika E. Gazhonova — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Radiology and Ultrasound Diagnostics

Moscow

vx969@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6404-4163КарташовМ. В.KartashovM. V.

Максим Викторович Карташов — кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель диагностичского центра

Екатеринбург

Maksim V. Kartashov — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Head of Diagnostic Center

Еkaterinburg

mvkartashov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8732-9500ШевченкоС. А.ShevchenkoS. A.

Светлана Анатольевна Шевченко — кандидат медицинских наук, рентгенолог

Екатеринбург

Svetlana A. Shevchenko — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Radiologist

Еkaterinburg

sv_maxson@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9493-6456БеловаО. С.BelovaO. S.

Ольга Сергеевна Белова — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры психиатрии и клинической психологии

Архангельск

Olga S. Belova — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology

Arkhangelsk

belovaos@yandex.ruСвердловский областной онкологический диспансерРоссияSverdlovsk Regional Oncology CenterRussian FederationЦентральная государственная медицинская академияРоссияCentral State Medical AcademyRussian FederationСеверный государственный медицинский университетРоссияNorthern State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202403092024234Специальный выпуск «Онкология»41–56Copyright © Попова А.Ю., Гажонова В.Е., Карташов М.В., Шевченко С.А., Белова О.С., 20242024Попова А.Ю., Гажонова В.Е., Карташов М.В., Шевченко С.А., Белова О.С.Popova A.Y., Gazhonova V.E., Kartashov M.V., Shevchenko S.A., Belova O.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1571Введение

Введение. Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) занимает лидирующие позиции среди онкологических заболеваний, выявляемых у женщин. Ранняя диагностика и поиск предикторов злокачественных новообразований с использованием лучевых методов визуализации позволяет своевременно поставить диагноз и назначить лечение, что улучшает прогноз при РМЖ. Большая часть данных, полученных с помощью радиологического изображения, в значительной степени неспецифична на молекулярном уровне. Решением этих вопросов занимается радиомика, осуществляющая комплексную количественную оценку опухолевых фенотипов путем извлечения большого числа количественных признаков из медицинских изображений.

Цель — систематизация современных научных направлений радиомики в лучевой диагностике РМЖ.

Методы

Методы. Комплексный анализ электронных баз данных PubMed и eLibrary.ru за последние 5 лет.

Результаты

Результаты. На основании изученных литературных данных определены основные перспективные научные направления развития радиомики в лучевой диагностике РМЖ: изучение распространенности заболевания, его факторов риска, новые скрининговые подходы в ранней диагностике; поиск специфических маркеров и доступных визуализации признаков определенного молекулярного потдтипа РМЖ; поиск прогностических предикторов и изучение точности прогноза на основании выявленных характеристик; определение возможностей персонализированной терапии, оценка наиболее эффективного лечения и современное ведение онкологических больных; расширение возможностей радиомики в сочетании с другими научными направлениями.

Introduction

Introduction. Breast cancer (BC) has a leading position among oncological diseases in women. Early diagnosis and search for predictors of malignant neoplasms using radiation imaging methods allows timely diagnosis and treatment, which improves the prognosis for BC. Most of the data obtained by radiological imaging is largely non-specific at the molecular level. Radiomics is engaged in solving these issues, which performs a comprehensive quantitative assessment of tumor phenotypes by extracting a large number of quantitative signs from medical images.

Purpose — systematization of modern scientific directions of radiomics in the radiation diagnosis of BC.

Methods

Methods. Comprehensive analysis of PubMed and eLibrary.ru electronic databases over the past 5 years.

Results

Results. Based on the studied literature data, we identified the main promising scientific directions for the development of radiomics in the radiation diagnosis of BC: the study of the prevalence of BC, its risk factors, new screening approaches in the early diagnosis of BC; the search for specific markers and available visualization of signs of a certain molecular type of BC; the search for prognostic predictors and the study of the accuracy of the forecast based on the identified characteristics; identification of the possibilities of personalized therapy, assessment of the most effective treatment and modern management of cancer patients; expansion of the possibilities of radiomics in combination with other scientific fields.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.