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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/umj.23.4.138</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ZRKGGB</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1583</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бронхопластические операции по поводу опухолей легкого различной этиологии. Собственный опыт</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sleeveresection for Lung Tumors of Various Etiologies. Own Experience</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-3322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каменев</surname><given-names>Р. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamenev</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Олегович Каменев✉ — онколог онкологического отделения № 6 (торакального)</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman O. Kamenev — Oncologist of the Department of Thoracic Oncology</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fnikina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-807X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Сергеевич Руденко — заведующий онкологическим отделением № 6 (торакальным) </p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Rudenko — Head of the Department of Thoracic Oncology</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r_ms@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1441-4397</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеева</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseeva</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Петровна Елисеева — онколог онкологического отделения № 6 (торакального)</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia P. Eliseeva — Oncologist of the Department of Thoracic Oncology</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">appnat.ty@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глазков</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glazkov</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорий Константинович Глазков — онколог онкологического отделения № 6 (торакального)</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory K. Glazkov — Oncologist of the Department of Thoracic Oncology</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grigory92@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Свердловский областной онкологический диспансер</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Специальный выпуск «Онкология»</issue-title><elocation-id>138–147</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каменев Р.О., Руденко М.С., Елисеева А.П., Глазков Г.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каменев Р.О., Руденко М.С., Елисеева А.П., Глазков Г.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamenev R.O., Rudenko M.S., Eliseeva A.P., Glazkov G.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1583">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1583</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Рак легкого занимает лидирующие позиции в онкологической заболеваемости. Несмотря на успехи в развитии химиотерапии и лучевой терапии, хирургические радикальные операции стоят на первом месте в лечении этой патологии. При операциях с локализацией опухоли в центральных бронхах бронхопластические операции незаменимы в практике хирурга-онколога.</p><p>Цель работы — проанализировать опыт выполнения бронхопластических операций и выявить факторы, влияющие на течение раннего послеоперационного периода, развитие осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование основано на результатах хирургического лечения 102 пациентов в период с 2018 г. по ноябрь 2023 г., которым выполнялись органосохраняющие бронхопластические операции. Обоснован выбор способа оперативного лечения, представлены ближайшие и отдаленные результаты. Предоперационная оценка включала в себя анализы крови, проведение компьютерной томографии (КТ) грудной клетки, брюшной полости и головного мозга; функциональных тестов легких для оценки состояния дыхательной и сердечно-сосудистой систем. Видеобронхоскопия с предоперационной биопсией центральных образований выполнена всем пациентам. При подозрении на метастазы во внутригрудные лимфоузлы проводились позитронно-эмиссионная томография в сочетании с КТ (ПЭТ-КТ), магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ), сканирование костей скелета. Всем пациентам выполнена двухпросветная эндотрахеальная интубация. Применялся операционный доступ — переднебоковая торакотомия в пятом либо шестом межреберьях. Во всех случаях проводилось интраоперационное гистологическое исследование линий резекции по бронхам. Всем пациентам выполнялась систематическая медиастинальная лимфодиссекция, и она проводилась до реконструкции бронхов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. 102 пациентам проведена бронхопластическая лобэктомия по поводу опухолей легких. Статистически значимых различий по полу, возрасту, сопутствующей патологии и распространенности процесса среди пациентов не было. Сопутствующая патология различной степени тяжести присутствовала у 79 пациентов (77,5 %). На правом легком выполнено 73 операции (71,6 %), на левом — 29 (28,4 %). Пациентов, которым выполнена клиновидная резекция ТБД, — 57 (55,9 %), с циркулярной резекцией бронха — 45 (44,1 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Бронхопластические операции имеют выраженный профиль безопасности в хирургическом лечении рака легкого, на что указывает низкая летальность и частота осложнений: подкожная эмфизема (5; 4,90 %), рецидив пневмоторакса (3; 2,90 %), остаточная полость (3; 2,90 %), бронхоплевральный свищ (4; 3,90 %), послеоперационное кровотечение (1; 0,98 %), тромбоз анастомоза легочной артерии (1; 0,98 %), острый респираторный дистресс-синдром с дыхательной недостаточностью (3; 2,90 %), острый инфаркт миокарда (2; 1,92 %), свернувшийся гемоторакс (1; 0,98 %), тромбоэмболия легочной артерии (1; 0,98 %). Послеоперационная летальность — 4 (3,90 %.)</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что бронхопластические операции имеют низкое количество осложнений в послеоперационном периоде — 22 (21,5 %). В планировании вида бронхопластической операции предпочтения по возможности следует отдавать циркулярной резекции бронхов, т. к. это значимо снижает количество реопераций по поводу осложнений: в группе клиновидных резекций потребовалось 9 реопераций (15 %), циркулярных — 2 (4,4 %) (p &lt; 0,05). Однако выбор техники резекции не влияет ни на количество осложнений, ни на частоту развития местного рецидива.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Lung cancer occupies leading positions in oncologic morbidity, but despite the successes in the development of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, surgical radical operations are in the first place in the treatment of this pathology. In operations with tumor localization in the central bronchi bronchoplastic operations are irreplaceable in the practice of oncologic surgeon.</p><p>Objective to analyze our experience in performing bronchoplastic operations, to identify factors influencing the course of early postoperative period, development of complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study is based on the results of surgical treatment of 102 patients in the period from 2018 to November 2023, who underwent organ-preserving sleeve lobectomy. The choice of the method of surgical treatment was substantiated, the immediate and long-term results were presented. Preoperative evaluation included blood tests, computed tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen, and brain; pulmonary function tests to assess the state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Videobronchoscopy with preoperative biopsy of central masses was performed in all patients. Positron emission tomography combined with CT (PET-CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), skeletal bone scanning were performed as needed. All patients underwent double-lumen endotracheal intubation. The surgical access was an anterolateral thoracotomy in the fifth or sixth intercostal space. Intraoperative histologic examination of bronchial resection lines was performed in all cases. All patients underwent systematic mediastinal lymphodissection and it was performed before bronchial reconstruction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 102 patients underwent bronchoplastic lobectomy for lung tumors. Concomitant pathology of varying severity was present in 79 patients (77.5 %). 73 operations (71.6 %) were performed on the right lung and 29 (28.4 %) on the left lung. Patients who underwent wedge resection of the TBT were 57 (55.9 %), with circular resection of the bronchus — 45 (44.1 %). There were no statistically significant differences by sex, age, concomitant pathology and process prevalence among the patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Bronchoplastic operations have a pronounced safety profile in the surgical treatment of lung cancer, as indicated by low mortality and complication rates: subcutaneous emphysema (5; 4.90 %), recurrent pneumothorax (3; 2.90 %), residual cavity (3; 2.90 %), bronchopleural fistula (4; 3.90 %), postoperative bleeding (1; 0.98 %), pulmonary artery anastomosis thrombosis (1; 0.98 %), acute respiratory distress syndrome with respiratory failure (3; 2.90 %), acute myocardial infarction (2; 1.92 %), coagulated hemothorax (1; 0.98 %), pulmonary embolism (1; 0.98 %). Postoperative mortality — 4 (3.90 %.)</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. It has been established that bronchoplastic operations have a low number of complications in the postoperative period — 22 (21.5 %). In planning the type of bronchoplastic when planning the type of bronchoplastic surgery, preference should be given to circular resection of the bronchial resection, as it reliably reduces the number of reoperations due to complications: in the wedge resection group 9 reoperations (15 %) were required in the wedge resection vs. wedge resection group versus 2 (4.4 %) in the circular resection group (p &lt; 0.05). However, the choice of resection technique does not affect either the number of complications or the rate of local recurrence development.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхопластическая лобэктомия</kwd><kwd>циркулярная резекция бронха</kwd><kwd>клиновидная резекция бронха</kwd><kwd>пульмонэктомия</kwd><kwd>рак легких</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sleeve lobectomy</kwd><kwd>circular bronchus resection</kwd><kwd>wedge bronchus resection</kwd><kwd>pneumonectomy</kwd><kwd>lung cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mc Guire S. World Cancer Report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO Press, 2015. Advances in Nutrition. 2016;7(2):418–419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/an.116.012211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mc Guire S. 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