urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.23.5.7BAMUBXurmj-1599Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesГигиенические аспекты уровня качества жизни жителей Ярославля и Ярославской областиHygienic Aspects of the Quality of Life of Residents of Yaroslavl and the Yaroslavl Regionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-4745КулибинаО. В.KulibinaO. V.

Ольга Валерьевна Кулибина — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей гигиены с экологией

Ярославль

Olga V. Kulibina - Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of General Hygiene with Ecology

Yaroslavl

kulibinaov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-2936-7570КостровС. А.KostrovS. A.

Сергей Александрович Костров — ассистент кафедры медицинской кибернетики

Ярославль

Sergey A. Kostrov - Assistant of the Department of Medical Cybernetics

Yaroslavl

kosea@ysmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1737-7328ПлещёвИ. Е.PleshchevI. E.

Игорь Евгеньевич Плещёв — кандидат медицинских наук, старший преподаватель кафедры физической культуры и спорта

Ярославль

Igor’ E. Pleshchev - Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Physical Culture and Sports

Yaroslavl

Sportsmed.ysmu@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7303-3810ПлещёваТ. Н.PleshchevаT. N.

Татьяна Николаевна Плещёва — старший преподаватель кафедры общей гигиены с экологией

Ярославль

Tatyana N. Pleshchevа - Senior Lecturer of the Department of General Hygiene with Ecology

Yaroslavl

Chuvachko@mail.ruЯрославский государственный медицинский университетРоссияYaroslavl State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2024151020242357–17Copyright © Кулибина О.В., Костров С.А., Плещёв И.Е., Плещёва Т.Н., 20242024Кулибина О.В., Костров С.А., Плещёв И.Е., Плещёва Т.Н.Kulibina O.V., Kostrov S.A., Pleshchev I.E., Pleshchevа T.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1599

Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена потребностью в проведении научного анализа вопросов качества жизни населения страны, улучшения уровня жизни граждан через реализацию медицинских мероприятий, в т. ч. проведение медико-профилактической работы.Цель работы — провести сравнительный анализ показателей качества жизни городских и сельских жителей Ярославской области на основе физического и психологического благополучия, определить уровень показателей общего здоровья населения трудоспособного возраста, а также проанализировать роль организационно-профилактических мероприятий в повышении качества жизни.Материалы и методы. Для оценки качества жизни в исследовании применялся опросник SF-36. В обследовании приняло участие 600 жителей (возраст (25,1±0,8) лет) Ярославля и Ярославской области. Соотношение мужчин и женщин составило 50 % и 50 % соответственно. Результаты. Выявлено, что качество жизни жителей сельской местности имеет более низкие значения по сравнению с жителями города. Особенно эта разница видна по показателям, которые находятся в прямой зависимости от эмоционального и физического состояния человека.Обсуждение. Проведенный комплексный анализ свидетельствует, что в итоге оценка качества жизни населения у опрашиваемых базировалась на их субъективном понимании и восприятии собственного положения в жизни, что характерно и для исследований в других регионах страны. Показатели общего состояния здоровья сельского населения трудоспособного возраста свидетельствовали о недостаточной доступности медицинской помощи и невысоком уровне грамотности населения в вопросах сохранения и укрепления собственного здоровья, а также медицинской активности.Заключение. Гигиеническая оценка качества жизни населения с точки зрения физического и психологического благополучия позволила выявить ряд различий в оценке качества жизни жителей городской и сельской местности Ярославля и Ярославской области. Большинство рассмотренных характеристик качества жизни сельских жителей имело достоверно значимые по сравнению с горожанами низкие значения показателей.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need to conduct a scientific analysis of the quality of the country’s population life, improve the standard of citizens living through the implementation of medical measures, including medical and preventive work.The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of the quality of life of urban and rural residents of the Yaroslavl Region based on physical and psychological well-being, determine the level of general health indicators of the working-age population, and analyze the role of organizational and preventive measures in improving the quality of life.Materials and methods. The SF‑36 questionnaire was used in the study to assess the quality of life. 600 residents (age (25.1±0.8) years) of Yaroslavl and the Yaroslavl Region took part in the survey. The ratio of men and women was 50 % and 50 %, respectively.Results. It was revealed that the quality of life of rural residents has lower values compared to city residents. This difference is especially noticeable in indicators that are directly dependent on the emotional and physical state of a person.Discussion. The conducted comprehensive analysis shows that as a result, the assessment of the quality of life of the population of the respondents was based on their subjective understanding and perception of their own situation in life, which is also typical for studies in other regions of the country. The indicators of the general health of the rural population of working age indicated insufficient access to medical care and a low level of literacy of the population in matters of maintaining and strengthening their own health, as well as medical activity.Conclusion. Hygienic assessment of the quality of the population life in terms of physical and psychological well-being made it possible to identify a number of differences in the assessment of the quality of urban and rural areas residents life at Yaroslavl and the Yaroslavl Region. Most of the considered characteristics of the quality of rural residents life had reliably significant low values in comparison with city residents.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.