urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.23.6.35DPUAHCurmj-1640Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesМорфологическое исследование механизмов формирования спаек в брюшной полости и при воздействии окисленным декстраном в экспериментеMorphological Study of the Mechanisms of Formation of Adhesions in the Abdominal Cavity and Exposure to Oxidized Dextran in an Experimenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-3998КарповМ. А.KarpovM. A.

Михаил Александрович Карпов — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории структурных основ патогенеза социально значимых заболеваний, Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной и клинической медицины, Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины; доцент кафедры патологической анатомии, Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет

Новосибирск

Mikhail A. Karpov — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of the Structural Foundations of the Pathogenesis of Socially Significant Diseases, Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine; Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Anatomy

Novosibirsk

karpov-ma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0400-1011НадеевА. П.NadeevA. P.

Александр Петрович Надеев — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории структурных основ патогенеза социально значимых заболеваний, Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной и клинической медицины, Федеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины; заведующий кафедрой патологической анатомии, Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет

Новосибирск

Aleksandr P. Nadeev — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of the Structural Foundations of the Pathogenesis of Socially Significant Diseases, Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine; Head of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Novosibirsk State Medical University

Novosibirsk

nadeevngma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5078-4216ШкурупийВ. А.ShkurupiyV. A.

Вячеслав Алексеевич Шкурупий — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик Российской академии наук, профессор кафедры патологической анатомии

Новосибирск

Viacheslav A. Shkurupiy — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Full Member (Academician) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor of the of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Novosibirsk State Medical University

Novosibirsk

sck@centercem.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3405-5993ЗалавинС. В.ZalavinaS. V.

Светлана Васильевна Залавина — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гистологии, эмбриологии и цитологии имени профессора М. Я. Субботина

Новосибирск

Svetlana V. Zalavina — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department Histology, Embryology and Cytology

Novosibirsk

zalavinasv@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины; Новосибирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияFederal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine; Novosibirsk State Medical UniversityRussian FederationНовосибирский государственный медицинский университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Medical UniversityRussian Federation20241112202423635–44Copyright © Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Шкурупий В.А., Залавин С.В., 20242024Карпов М.А., Надеев А.П., Шкурупий В.А., Залавин С.В.Karpov M.A., Nadeev A.P., Shkurupiy V.A., Zalavina S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1640Введение

Введение. После хирургических вмешательств нередко в брюшной полости возникают спайки, которые могут приводить к тяжелым осложнениям и снижать качество жизни пациентов. Механизмы формирования спаек связаны с повреждением брюшины, воспалительной реакцией и фиброзом, недостаточным фагоцитозом макрофагами.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. У крыс самцов породы Wistar (n = 20) индуцировано формирование спаек. Сформировано две группы животных по 10 особей в каждой: 1 — спонтанное формирование спаек (контроль); 2 — введение по 2 мл 5 %-го водного раствора окисленного декстрана (ОД). Животные выведены из эксперимента на 7 и 21 сутки, проведено сравнительное исследование спаек брюшной полости в группах. Подсчитаны количество макрофагов и нейтрофильных гранулоцитов в воспалительных инфильтратах спаек, численная плотность клеток, экспрессирующих TNFα, IL-1, E-кадгерин, CK-18, виментин.

Результаты

Результаты. У крыс, получавших ОД (2 группа), в сравнении с животными 1 группы (контроль) содержание нейтрофильных гранулоцитов на 7 и 21 сутки в инфильтратах было меньшим, а макрофагов большим. Численная плотность клеток, экспрессировавших IL-1 и TNFα, была меньшей у крыс 2 группы, наиболее выражены отличия были на 7 сутки эксперимента. Экспрессия виментина, E-кадгерина, CK-18 была более выраженной (в 2 раза) у животных 1 группы на 7 сутки эксперимента в сравнении с таковой у животных 2 группы, однако на 21 сутки отличий экспрессии виментина, E-кадгерина при сравнении между группами не наблюдалось, экспрессия СК-18 была большей у крыс 2 группы.

Заключение

Заключение. ОД влияет на функциональное состояние макрофагов, тормозит экспрессию IL-1 и TNFα, способствует более эффективному фагоцитозу, препятствуя формированию и фиброзированию спаек, реализации мезенхимально-эпителиального перехода, способствует регенерации мезотелия.

Introduction

Introduction. Abdominal adhesions occur in diseases of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs, reducing the quality of life of patients, leading to severe complications. The mechanisms of formation of adhesions are associated with inflammatory reaction and fibrosis, insufficient phagocytosis.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. In male Wistar rats (n = 20), the formation of adhesions was induced by laparotomy, drying and scarification of the peritoneum. Spontaneous formation of adhesions was researched in on the 7th and 21st days. Rats in group 1 (control), group 2 animals were intraperitoneally injected with aqueous solution of oxidized dextran. Researched the number of macrophages and neutrophils in inflammatory infiltrates, numerical density of cells, expressing TNFa, IL-1, E-cadherin, CK-18, Vimentin.

Results

Results. In rats treated with oxidized dextran (group 2), the content of neutrophils on the 7th and 21st days in infiltrates was lower, and macrophages were greater, the numerical density of cells expressing IL-1 and TNFa was lower, comparatively with control group animals. The expression of Vimentin, E-cadherin, CK-18 was more pronounced in animals of the 1st group on the 7th day of the experiment. On the 21st day there were no differences in the expression of Vimentin, E-cadherin between the groups, and the expression of CK-18 was higher in group 2 rats.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Oxidized dextran affects the functional state of macrophages, prevents the expression of IL-1 and TNFa, promotes more effective phagocytosis, preventing the formation and fibrosis of adhesions, prevents the expression of markers of the mesenchymal to epithelial transition, contributing to the regeneration of the mesothelium.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.