<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/umj.23.6.70</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OEWULV</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1643</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи | Clinical cases</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical cases</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ошибки диагностики узлового аденомиоза на примере клинического случая</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic Errors of Nodular Adenomyosis on the Example of a Clinical Case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9333-2578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьянц</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryants</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Армен Александрович Григорьянц — кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии № 2</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armen A. Grigoryants — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Assistant of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 2</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mr.vanhelsink@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5209-6524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аксененко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akseneko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Алексеевич Аксененко — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor A. Akseneko — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Postgraduate Education Course</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aksenenko_va@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>70–79</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьянц А.А., Аксененко В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьянц А.А., Аксененко В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryants A.A., Akseneko V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1643">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1643</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одной из редко встречающихся форм аденомиоза является узловая. При ней образуются локальные очаги, состоящие из поврежденных желез эндометрия, измененных волокон мышечной и соединительной тканей. Диагностика узловой формы аденомиоза бывает затруднительной, зачастую диагноз ставится лишь интраоперационно или при гистологическом исследовании.</p><p>Цель работы — проанализировать клинический случай у пациентки с узловой формой аденомиоза и длительным течением синдрома тазовой боли для выявления диагностических ошибок при этом типе заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализирован клинический случай на основании истории болезни пациента, включая результаты обследований, госпитализаций и лечения до поступления в отделение гинекологии медицинского центра Ставропольского государственного медицинского университета.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Приводится хронология диагностики и лечения, анализа ошибок, повлекших за собой хронизацию патологического процесса, как следствие, ухудшение качества жизни и общего состояния пациентки. Разобранный клинический случай показал, что первостепенной задачей акушера-гинеколога при обследовании пациенток с синдромом тазовой боли является детальная диагностика. Авторами произведен пересмотр снимков магнитно-резонансной томографии и заподозрен диагноз «узловой аденомиоз», послуживший основанием для проведения лапароскопии в целях его подтверждения, в ходе которой заболевание подтверждено. Проведено его одномоментное удаление, а для профилактики развития спаечной болезни применен противоспаечный барьер.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Одним из наиболее значимых методов в диагностике синдрома тазовой боли является лапароскопия, которая помогает поставить диагноз на раннем этапе, провести детальное обследование органов малого таза и брюшной полости и одномоментно выполнить лечебные манипуляции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the less common forms of adenomyosis is the nodular type, characterized by localized foci composed of damaged endometrial glands and altered muscle and connective tissue ﬁbers. Diagnosing nodular adenomyosis is oﬅen challenging, with the diagnosis frequently made intraoperatively or during histological examination.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of the work</title><p>The purpose of the work. To analyze a clinical case involving a patient with nodular adenomyosis and a prolonged history of pelvic pain syndrome, aiming to identify diagnostic errors associated with this condition.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A clinical case was reviewed based on the patient’s medical history and treatments conducted prior to admission to the Gynecology Department of the Stavropol State Medical University Medical Center.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The chronology of diagnosis and treatment, along with an analysis of errors that led to the chronicity of the pathological process and subsequent deterioration in the patient’s quality of life and overall condition, is presented. This clinical case demonstrated that a gynecologist’s primary responsibility when examining patients with pelvic pain syndrome is to conduct detailed diagnostics. The authors re-evaluated the patient’s magnetic resonance imaging scans and suspected the diagnosis of “nodular adenomyosis”, which justiﬁed performing laparoscopy to conﬁrm the condition. During the procedure, the diagnosis was conﬁrmed, and the nodular adenomyosis was excised simultaneously. To prevent adhesion formation, an anti-adhesion barrier was applied.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Laparoscopy is one of the most critical methods for diagnosing pelvic pain syndrome, as it enables early diagnosis, detailed examination of pelvic and abdominal organs, and the simultaneous execution of therapeutic interventions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндометриоз</kwd><kwd>узловой аденомиоз</kwd><kwd>тазовая боль</kwd><kwd>синдром хронической тазовой боли</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd><kwd>лечение узлового аденомиоза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometriosis</kwd><kwd>nodular adenomyosis</kwd><kwd>pelvic pain</kwd><kwd>chronic pelvic pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd><kwd>treatment of nodular adenomyosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharara FI, Kheil MH, Feki A, Rahman S, Klebanoﬀ JS, Ayoubi JM, et al. Current and prospective treatment of adenomyosis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021;10(15):3410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharara FI, Kheil MH, Feki A, Rahman S, Klebanoﬀ JS, Ayoubi JM, et al. Current and prospective treatment of adenomyosis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021;10(15):3410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Twiddy H, Bradshaw A, Chawla R, Johnson S, Lane N. Female chronic pelvic pain: the journey to diagnosis and beyond. Pain Management. 2017;7(3):155–159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2016-0052.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Twiddy H, Bradshaw A, Chawla R, Johnson S, Lane N. Female chronic pelvic pain: the journey to diagnosis and beyond. Pain Management. 2017;7(3):155–159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2016-0052.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Tosti C, Sorbi F, Petraglia F. Role of medical therapy in the management of uterine adenomyosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2018;109(3):398–405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vannuccini S, Luisi S, Tosti C, Sorbi F, Petraglia F. Role of medical therapy in the management of uterine adenomyosis. Fertility and Sterility. 2018;109(3):398–405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.01.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bougie O, Nwosu I, Warshafsky C. Revisiting the impact of race/ethnicity in endometriosis. Reproduction and Fertility. 2022;3(2): R34–R41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1530/raf-21-0106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bougie O, Nwosu I, Warshafsky C. Revisiting the impact of race/ethnicity in endometriosis. Reproduction and Fertility. 2022;3(2): R34–R41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1530/raf-21-0106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tokaeva ES, Orazov MR, Barsegyan LK. Quality of life in patients with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain. Moscow Surgical Journal. 2016;5(51):19–21. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/xyhlof.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tokaeva ES, Orazov MR, Barsegyan LK. Quality of life in patients with endometriosis-associated pelvic pain. Moscow Surgical Journal. 2016;5(51):19–21. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/xyhlof.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orazov MR. Immune homeostasis of peripheral blood in women with pain syndrome in adenomyosis. Difﬁcult Patient. 2014;12(12):39–44. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/tgtngb.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orazov MR. Immune homeostasis of peripheral blood in women with pain syndrome in adenomyosis. Difﬁcult Patient. 2014;12(12):39–44. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/tgtngb.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamvu G, Carrillo J, Ouyang C, Rapkin A. Chronic pelvic pain in women: A review. JAMA. 2021; 325(23):2381–2391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.2631.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamvu G, Carrillo J, Ouyang C, Rapkin A. Chronic pelvic pain in women: A review. JAMA. 2021; 325(23):2381–2391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.2631.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vannuccini S, Petraglia F. Recent advancesin understanding and managing adenomyosis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research. 2019;8:283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17242.1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vannuccini S, Petraglia F. Recent advancesin understanding and managing adenomyosis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research. 2019;8:283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17242.1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gerasimov AM, Malyshkina AI, Kuligina MV, Krasilnikova AK, Polumiskov DM, Abdullaeva LK. Frequency and structure of external genital endometriosis in hospitalized patients. Gynecology. 2021;23(2):184–189. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2021.2.200783.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gerasimov AM, Malyshkina AI, Kuligina MV, Krasilnikova AK, Polumiskov DM, Abdullaeva LK. Frequency and structure of external genital endometriosis in hospitalized patients. Gynecology. 2021;23(2):184–189. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2021.2.200783.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borovaya TG. Sources and age peculiarities of the endometrioid cysts. Morphology. 2016;149(3):40. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/wjipzp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borovaya TG. Sources and age peculiarities of the endometrioid cysts. Morphology. 2016;149(3):40. (In Russ.). EDN: https://elibrary.ru/wjipzp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siqueira-Campos VM, de Deus MSC, Poli-Neto OB, Rosa-E-Silva JC, de Deus JM, Conde DM. Current challenges in the management of chronic pelvic pain in women: From bench to bedside. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2022;14:225–244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147%2FIJWH.S224891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siqueira-Campos VM, de Deus MSC, Poli-Neto OB, Rosa-E-Silva JC, de Deus JM, Conde DM. Current challenges in the management of chronic pelvic pain in women: From bench to bedside. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2022;14:225–244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147%2FIJWH.S224891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chapron C, Marcellin L, Borghese B, Santulli P. Rethinking mechanisms, diagnosis and management of endometriosis. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2019;15(11):666–682. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0245-z.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chapron C, Marcellin L, Borghese B, Santulli P. Rethinking mechanisms, diagnosis and management of endometriosis. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 2019;15(11):666–682. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0245-z.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Till SR, As-Sanie S, Schrept A. Psychology of chronic pelvic pain: Prevalence, neurobiological vulnerabilities, and treatment. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2019;62(1):22–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000412.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Till SR, As-Sanie S, Schrept A. Psychology of chronic pelvic pain: Prevalence, neurobiological vulnerabilities, and treatment. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2019;62(1):22–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000412.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stratton P, Berkley KJ. Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: Translational evidence of the relationship and implications. Human Reproduction Update. 2011;17(3):327–346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmq050.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stratton P, Berkley KJ. Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: Translational evidence of the relationship and implications. Human Reproduction Update. 2011;17(3):327–346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmq050.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moawad G, Fruscalzo A, Youssef Y, Kheil M, Tawil T, Nehme J, et al. Adenomyosis: An updated review on diagnosis and classiﬁcation. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(14):4828. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144828.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moawad G, Fruscalzo A, Youssef Y, Kheil M, Tawil T, Nehme J, et al. Adenomyosis: An updated review on diagnosis and classiﬁcation. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023;12(14):4828. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144828.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orazov MR, Radzinsky VE, Khamoshina MB, Nosenko EN, Lebedeva MG, Sounov MA. Proangiogenic features of chronic pelvic pain caused by adenomyosis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2016;32(Suppl 2):7–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2016.1232902.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orazov MR, Radzinsky VE, Khamoshina MB, Nosenko EN, Lebedeva MG, Sounov MA. Proangiogenic features of chronic pelvic pain caused by adenomyosis. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2016;32(Suppl 2):7–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2016.1232902.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Majorana A, Incandela D, Parazzini F, Alio W, Mercurio A, Giambanco L, et al. The eﬀectiveness of dienogest in reducing pain in women with endometriosis: A 12-month single-center experience. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2017;296(3):429–433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-017-4442-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Majorana A, Incandela D, Parazzini F, Alio W, Mercurio A, Giambanco L, et al. The eﬀectiveness of dienogest in reducing pain in women with endometriosis: A 12-month single-center experience. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2017;296(3):429–433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-017-4442-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones AV, Hockley JRF, Hyde C, Gorman D, Sredic-Rhodes A, Bilsland J, et al. Genome-wide associative analysis of the severity of dysmenorrhea pain reveals an association on chromosome 1p13.2, near the nerve growth factor locus. Pain. 2016;157(11):2571–2581. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000678.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones AV, Hockley JRF, Hyde C, Gorman D, Sredic-Rhodes A, Bilsland J, et al. Genome-wide associative analysis of the severity of dysmenorrhea pain reveals an association on chromosome 1p13.2, near the nerve growth factor locus. Pain. 2016;157(11):2571–2581. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000678.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pierce SJ, Gazvani MR, Farquharson RG. Long-term use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs and hormone replacement therapy in the management of endometriosis: A randomized trial with a 6-year follow-up. Fertility and Sterility. 2000;74(5):964–968. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01537-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pierce SJ, Gazvani MR, Farquharson RG. Long-term use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs and hormone replacement therapy in the management of endometriosis: A randomized trial with a 6-year follow-up. Fertility and Sterility. 2000;74(5):964–968. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01537-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee DY, Park HG, Yun BK, Choi D. The eﬀect of various addback regimens on hypoestrogenic problems in postoperative treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in endometriosis. Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Science. 2016;59(1):32–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.2016.59.1.32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee DY, Park HG, Yun BK, Choi D. The eﬀect of various addback regimens on hypoestrogenic problems in postoperative treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in endometriosis. Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Science. 2016;59(1):32–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.2016.59.1.32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taylor HS, Giudice LC, Lessey BA, Abrao MS, Kotarski J, Archer DF, et al. Treatment of endometriosis-associated pain with elagolix, an oral GnRH antagonist. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2017;377(1): 28–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1700089.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taylor HS, Giudice LC, Lessey BA, Abrao MS, Kotarski J, Archer DF, et al. Treatment of endometriosis-associated pain with elagolix, an oral GnRH antagonist. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2017;377(1): 28–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa1700089.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kartha GK, Kerr H, Shoskes DA. Clinical phenotyping of urologic pain patients. Current Opinion in Urology. 2013;23(6):560–564. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/mou.0b013e3283652a9d.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kartha GK, Kerr H, Shoskes DA. Clinical phenotyping of urologic pain patients. Current Opinion in Urology. 2013;23(6):560–564. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/mou.0b013e3283652a9d.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanno PM, Erickson D, Moldwin R, Faraday MM. Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: AUA guideline amendment. Journal of Urology. 2015;193(5):1545–1553. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.086.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanno PM, Erickson D, Moldwin R, Faraday MM. Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: AUA guideline amendment. Journal of Urology. 2015;193(5):1545–1553. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.086.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
