urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.23.6.91OIGYIAurmj-1645Research ArticleЛитературные обзоры | Literature reviewsLiterature reviewsРеабилитация когнитивных функций в виртуальной среде: систематический обзорRehabilitation of Cognitive Functions in a Virtual Environment: A Systematic Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-0262-7009КузнецовА. А.KuznetsovA. A.

Артём Александрович Кузнецов — студент института клинической медицины

Екатеринбург

Artyom A. Kuznetsov — Specialist’s Degree Student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine

Ekaterinburg

aleksandrkuznesov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-9894ПетренкоТ. С.PetrenkoT. S.

Тимур Сергеевич Петренко — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры психиатрии, психотерапии и наркологии, руководитель отдела координации деятельности молодежных научных лабораторий

Екатеринбург

Timur S. Petrenko — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Narcology, Head of the Department for Coordinating the Activities of Youth Scientific Laboratories

Ekaterinburg

ts.petrenko@mail.ruУральский государственный медицинский университетРоссияUral State Medical UniversityRussian Federation20241212202423691–107Copyright © Кузнецов А.А., Петренко Т.С., 20242024Кузнецов А.А., Петренко Т.С.Kuznetsov A.A., Petrenko T.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1645Введение

Введение. По данным ВОЗ, в современном мире наблюдается тенденция к повышению среднего возраста населения. Это, наряду с другими эпидемиологическими факторами, создает предпосылки к увеличению распространенности когнитивных нарушений. Таким образом, проблема ранней диагностики когнитивных расстройств в настоящее время является особенно актуальной.

Цель — анализ современного состояния проблемы применения технологий виртуальной реальности в сфере нейрореабилитации, а также оценка клинической эффективности реабилитации когнитивных способностей в виртуальной среде по сравнению с традиционными методами.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В базе данных PubMed с использованием ключевых слов найдено 245 публикаций. После отбора в итоговую выборку включено 25 публикаций по рассматриваемой теме.

Результаты

Результаты. При анализе публикаций выявлено, что традиционные методы когнитивной реабилитации воздействуют только на социально значимые компоненты интеллекта, упуская другие стороны когнитивных способностей. Несмотря на актуальность темы нейрореабилитации, в настоящее время существует только шесть программ для обучения и реабилитации когнитивных способностей. Однако даже существующие предложения являются компьютерной интерпретацией традиционных методов реабилитации. При этом разные исследования свидетельствуют о различной степени их клинической эффективности, что затрудняет постановку однозначного вывода.

Обсуждение

Обсуждение. Применение виртуальной реальности для реабилитации когнитивных способностей является перспективным направлением в современной восстановительной неврологии. Эта технология не только позволяет добиться полного погружения пациента в сам процесс реабилитации, но и открывает возможности проведения реабилитации в удаленном формате. Тот факт, что разные публикации сообщают о различном уровне клинической эффективности подобной методики, вызван малым числом исследований и различиями в исследуемых когортах и методологии исследований.

Заключение

Заключение. Выявлено, что проблема применения виртуальной реальности в сфере нейрореабилитации в настоящее время актуальна. Однако для оценки клинической эффективности таких методик необходимо большее число масштабных исследований.

Introduction

Introduction. According to WHO, nowadays there is a tendency towards an increase in the average age of the population. This creates preconditions for the prevalence of cognitive impairment increase. So, the problem of cognitive disorders early diagnosis is currently relevant.

The aim of the study is to analyze the current state of virtual reality technologies using in the field of neurorehabilitation, and to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation of cognitive abilities in a virtual environment in comparison with traditional methods.

Material and methods

Material and methods. 245 publications were found in the PubMed database using keywords. After selection, 25 publications were included in the final sample.

Results

Results. During the publications analyzing, it was revealed that traditional methods of neurorehabilitation affect only socially significant components. Despite the topic relevance, there are only 6 programs for cognitive abilities rehabilitation. But, existing programs are a computer interpretation of traditional methods. However different studies indicate different clinical effectiveness degrees, which makes it difficult to draw a clear conclusion.

Discussion

Discussion. The use of virtual reality for the cognitive abilities rehabilitation is a promising direction in modern restorative neurology. Among other things VR opens up opportunities for mount rehabilitation in a remote format. Different clinical efficacy levels in different publications is due to the small number of studies and differences in the research methodology.

Conclusion

Conclusion. It has been revealed that the problem of using virtual reality in the field of neurorehabilitation is currently relevant. However, more studies are needed to assess the clinical effectiveness of such methods.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.