urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.24.2.84KWFTDBurmj-1779Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesРезультаты анализа серологического скрининга при обследовании на сифилис пациентов многопрофильного детского стационараAnalysis of the Results of Screening Serological Examination for Syphilis in Patients of a Multidisciplinary Children’s Hospitalhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0152-962XБоронинаЛ. Г.BoroninaL. G.

Любовь Григорьевна Боронина — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры медицинской микробиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики, институт профилактической медицины.

Екатеринбург

Lyubov G. Boronina — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Preventive Medicine.

Ekaterinburg

boroninalg@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-6201СаматоваЕ. В.SamatovaE. V.

Елена Валерьевна Саматова — кандидат медицинских наук, бактериолог лаборатории клинической микробиологии.

Екатеринбург

Elena V. Samatova — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Bacteriologist of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory.

Ekaterinburg

elavrinenko27@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-4020-0959КочневаН. А.KochnevaN. A.

Наталья Александровна Кочнева — начальник лабораторного отдела, Областная детская клиническая больница; главный внештатный специалист по медицинской микробиологии по Уральскому федеральному округу, Министерство здравоохранения РФ.

Екатеринбург, Москва

Natalya A. Kochneva — Head of the Laboratory Department, Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Russia; Chief Freelance Specialist in Medical Microbiology for the Ural Federal District, Ministry of Health of the RF.

Ekaterinburg, Moscow

nataly.ekat@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1649-1310АсновскаяА. Г.AsnovskayaA. G.

Анна Геннадьевна Асновская — заведующий лабораторией клинической микробиологии, Областная детская клиническая больница; главный внештатный специалист по медицинской микробиологии, Министерство здравоохранения Свердловской области.

Екатеринбург

Anna G. Asnovskaya — Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Chief Freelance Specialist in Medical Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Sverdlovsk Region.

Ekaterinburg

asnovskaya@mail.ruУральский государственный медицинский университетРоссияUral State Medical UniversityRussian FederationОбластная детская клиническая больницаРоссияRegional Children’s Clinical HospitalRussian FederationОбластная детская клиническая больница; Министерство здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRegional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationОбластная детская клиническая больница; Министерство здравоохранения Свердловской областиРоссияRegional Children’s Clinical Hospital; Ministry of Health of the Sverdlovsk RegionRussian Federation20250505202524284–94Copyright © Боронина Л.Г., Саматова Е.В., Кочнева Н.А., Асновская А.Г., 20252025Боронина Л.Г., Саматова Е.В., Кочнева Н.А., Асновская А.Г.Boronina L.G., Samatova E.V., Kochneva N.A., Asnovskaya A.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1779Введение

Введение. В настоящее время изменилось клиническое течение сифилиса, что ведет к снижению настороженности населения и поздней диагностике. В связи с этим очень важно для своевременного выявления и снижения заболеваемости сифилиса проводить скрининговое серологическое обследование населения.

Цель исследования — изучить частоту заболеваемости сифилисом при проведении скринингового обследования пациентов и лиц, госпитализированных по уходу за детьми, в многопрофильном детском стационаре.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов серологического скрининга на сифилис 9 262 пациентов и лиц, госпитализированных по уходу за детьми, в многопрофильном детском стационаре Областной детской клинической больницы (Екатеринбург), в состав которого входит областной перинатальный центр, с 1 января 2023 г. по 30 сентября 2024 г.

Результаты

Результаты. В 2023 г. выявлено 2 случая острого заболевания сифилисом у женщин, госпитализированных по уходу за ребенком, а в 2024 г. — 1 у беременной. Все они не предъявляли жалоб и считали себя здоровыми, но представляли эпидемическую опасность для окружающих лиц и медицинского персонала. Также в 2024 г. имели место 2 случая раннего врожденного сифилиса.

Обсуждение

Обсуждение. Наличие IgM к Treponema pallidum свидетельствует о недавно приобретенном заболевании (4–6 недель с момента заражения). Выявление только IgG у взрослых пациентов говорит в пользу текущего или перенесенного в анамнезе сифилиса, а у новорожденных о передаче IgG от матери к ребенку через трансплацентарный барьер.

Заключение

Заключение. Высокая чувствительность трепонемных тестов, используемых в скрининговых исследованиях методом иммуноферментного анализа, снижает вероятность пропуска скрытых форм сифилиса.

Introduction

Introduction. Currently, the clinical course of syphilis has changed, which leads to a decrease in the alertness of the population. Therefore, it is very important to conduct a screening serological examination of the population in order to detect and reduce the incidence of syphilis in a timely manner.

The aim of the study was to study the incidence of syphilis during a screening examination of patients and caregivers of a multidisciplinary children’s hospital.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of serological screening for syphilis of 9262 patients and child caregivers of the multidisciplinary children’s hospital of the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital (Ekaterinburg, Russia), which includes the Regional Perinatal Center, from 1 January 2023 to 30 September 2024.

Results

Results. In 2023, 2 cases of acute syphilis were detected in women hospitalized for child care, and in 2024, 1 in a pregnant woman who did not complain and considered themselves healthy and posed an epidemic danger to others and medical personnel. There were also 2 cases of early congenital syphilis in 2024.

Discussion

Discussion. The presence of IgM to Treponema pallidum indicates a recently acquired disease (4–6 weeks after infection). The detection of IgG only in adult patients speaks in favor of a current now or a history of syphilis, and in newborns about the transmission of IgG from mother to child throu

Conclusion

Conclusion. The high sensitivity of treponemal tests used in screening studies reduces the likelihood of missing hidden forms of syphilis by enzyme immunoassay.

gh the transplacental barrier.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.