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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/umj.24.2.147</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TZCUNS</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-1784</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Литературные обзоры | Literature reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Literature reviews</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Передозировка ацетаминофеном в практике интенсивной терапии: патофизиологические механизмы и методы лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acetaminophen Overdose in Intensive Care Practice: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment Methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Витальевич Быков — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri V. Bykov — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yubykov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9990-7272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обедин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obedin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Обедин — доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander N. Obedin — Doctor of Science (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volander@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-1613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фишер</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fischer</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Владимирович Фишер — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily V. Fischer — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvfisher26@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-6930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Владимирович Волков — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Volkov — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkov26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-8581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцук</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Викторович Яцук — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Yatsuk — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yatsukiv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4460-870X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муравьёва</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muravyeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алла Анатольевна Муравьёва — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Muravyeva — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muravyeva81@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-5101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Васильевич Зинченко — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом дополнительного профессионального образования.</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Zinchenko — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of additional professional education.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regionar2008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>147–169</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Фишер В.В., Волков Е.В., Яцук И.В., Муравьёва А.А., Зинченко О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Фишер В.В., Волков Е.В., Яцук И.В., Муравьёва А.А., Зинченко О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykov Y.V., Obedin A.N., Fischer V.V., Volkov E.V., Yatsuk I.V., Muravyeva A.A., Zinchenko O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1784">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1784</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Отравление ацетаминофеном (АМ) — распространенная токсикологическая проблема с высоким риском развития острой почечной недостаточности и летального исхода. Рассмотрение вопросов оказания неотложной помощи и поиск альтернативных методов интенсивной терапии пациентам с этой патологией является актуальным направлением анестезиологии-реаниматологии.</p><p>Цель работы — определение современного состояния проблемы патогенеза, клинических проявлений и интенсивной терапии при острых передозировках АМ, в т. ч. разбор новых и экспериментальных методов лечения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен поиск и анализ научных работ с использованием баз данных Cochrane Library, PubMed и Medscape по поисковым словам: acetaminophen, overdose, intensive therapy, N-acetylcysteine, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress. Для обзора отобрано 76 источников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. В патогенезе гепатои нефротоксичности при острой передозировке АМ лежат процессы митохондриального оксидативного стресса, воспаления, аутофагии, апоптоза и нарушение эндоплазматического ретикулума. Клинические проявления включают в себя 4 основные фазы, начинаются от тошноты и рвоты с постепенным нарастанием острой печеночной недостаточности и могут заканчиваться церебральной и кардиальной недостаточностью вплоть до летального исхода. Неотложная помощь при передозировках АМ оказывается в условиях отделения анестезиологии и реанимации, которая направлена на удаление яда, поддержание гемодинамики и борьбу с отеком головного мозга. Единственным одобренным антидотом с доказанной эффективностью при отравлении АМ является N-ацетилцистеин. Ведутся поиски новых альтернативных методов лечения на основе коррекции митохондриального оксидативного стресса и нарушений эндоплазматического ретикулума, инактивации воспаления и активации аутофагии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Интенсивная терапия острого отравления АМ, основанная на патогенетических подходах, имеет недостаточную эффективность, что служит основанием для более углубленных исследований в этой области для повышения качества оказания экстренной помощи указанному контингенту пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Acetaminophen overdose (AM) is a common cause of toxicity with a high risk of acute kidney injury and death. Provision of emergency care and development of alternative methods of intensive therapy of AM overdose is a vital area of interest for critical care medicine.</p><p>Aim — to assess the current knowledge of the pathogenesis, manifestations and intensive therapy of acute AM overdose and discuss new and experimental treatments.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Relevant publications were found in the Cochrane Library, PubMed and Medscape using the following terms: “acetaminophen”, “overdose”, “intensive therapy”, “N-acetylcysteine”, “mitochondrial dysfunction”, “oxidative stress”. 76 papers were selected for review.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The pathogenesis of hepatic and renal injury in acute AM overdose is driven by mitochondrial oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis, and disruption of endoplasmic reticulum. Clinical manifestations include 4 main stages, starting with nausea and vomiting with gradually worsening acute kidney injury, proceeding to cerebral and cardiac insufficiency and sometimes death. Emergency care in AM overdose is provided in the ICU and includes detoxification, hemodynamic maintenance, and treatment of cerebral edema. The only antidote with proven efficacy approved for AM poisoning is N-acetylcysteine. New treatments are being developed to mitigate mitochondrial stress and endoplasmic reticulum disruption, curb inflammation and activate autophagy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The low efficacy of pathogenesis-driven intensive therapy of acute AM poisoning indicates the need for in-depth research in order to improve the quality of emergency care for these patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ацетаминофен</kwd><kwd>передозировка</kwd><kwd>интенсивная терапия</kwd><kwd>N-ацетилцистеин</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acetaminophen</kwd><kwd>overdose</kwd><kwd>intensive therapy</kwd><kwd>N-acetylcysteine</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghanem CI, Pérez MJ, Manautou JE, Mottino AD. Acetaminophen from liver to brain: New insights into drug pharmacological action and toxicity. Pharmacological Research. 2016;109:119–131. 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