urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.24.4.31DRAATJurmj-1931Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesРоль участкового терапевта в профилактике новообразований толстой кишкиThe Role of the District Therapist in the Prevention of Neoplasms of the Colonhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7045-0320ГаязоваА. Ф.GayazovaA. F.

Гаязова Анастасия Фёдоровна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней, поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины, институт клинической медицины.

Тюмень

Anastasia F. Gayazova — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases, Polyclinic Therapy and Family Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tyumen State Medical University.

Tyumen

anast_fed@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9776-5506БолотноваТ. В.BolotnovaT. V.

Болотнова Татьяна Викторовна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней, поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины, институт клинической медицины.

Тюмень

Tatiana V. Bolotnova — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Diseases, Polyclinic Therapy and Family Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tyumen State Medical University.

Tyumen

tatyana.bolotnova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-8873-4548АбрамушкинаМ. В.AbramushkinaM. V.

Абрамушкина Майя Валерьевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней, поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины, институт клинической медицины.

Тюмень

Maya V. Abramushkina — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Diseases, Polyclinic Therapy and Family Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tyumen State Medical University.

Tyumen

mfilonova04@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-2733-912XЕлизаровЛ. A.ElizarovL. A.

Елизаров Леонид Андреевич — студент института клинической медицины.

Тюмень

Leonid A. Elizarov — Specialist’s Degree Student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tyumen State Medical University.

Tyumen

leonidelizar@yandex.ruТюменский государственный медицинский университетРоссияTyumen State Medical UniversityRussian Federation20252708202524431–39Copyright © Гаязова А.Ф., Болотнова Т.В., Абрамушкина М.В., Елизаров Л.A., 20252025Гаязова А.Ф., Болотнова Т.В., Абрамушкина М.В., Елизаров Л.A.Gayazova A.F., Bolotnova T.V., Abramushkina M.V., Elizarov L.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/1931Обоснование

Обоснование. Колоноскопия и полипэктомия снижают риск развития рака толстой кишки. Контрольная колоноскопия, проведенная после полипэктомии, является важным методом наблюдения за пациентами с колоректальными полипами.

Цель исследования — оценить роль участкового терапевта в профилактике новообразований толстой кишки по результатам исследования групп пациентов, которым проведено обследование в рамках диспансерного наблюдения.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. 322 пациентам выполнена колоноскопия, из них в рамках диспансерного наблюдения контрольная колоноскопия проведена 200 больным.

Результаты

Результаты. В группе с полипами толстой кишки (n = 148) контрольная колоноскопия проведена 52/93 (55,91 %) пациентам после полипэктомии — у 15/52 (28,85 %) повторно найдены полипы колоректальной области; 41/55 (74,55 %) больному, отказавшемуся от полипэктомии, — у всех 41/41 (100 %) найдены полипы (р < 0,001). У пациентов после полипэктомии статистически значимо чаще встречалась новая локализация полипов толстой кишки и изменялась их морфологическая картина, чем у отказавшихся от операции (р = 0,017 и р = 0,031 соответственно).

Заключение

Заключение. Контрольная колоноскопия является важным этапом диспансерного наблюдения за пациентами с полипами толстой кишки. Проведение динамической колоноскопии необходимо больным как после полипэктомии, так и без хирургического лечения полипов толстой кишки для их ранней диагностики и удаления, а также, как следствие, профилактики колоректального рака.

Justification

Justification. Colonoscopy and polypectomy significantly reduce the risk of colon cancer. A follow-up colonoscopy performed after a polypectomy is an important method of monitoring patients with colorectal polyps.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of a district therapist in the prevention of colon neoplasms based on the results of a study of groups of patients who were examined as part of a follow-up.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. 322 patients underwent colonoscopy, of which 200 patients underwent follow-up colonoscopy.

Results

Results. In the group with colon polyps (n = 148), a control colonoscopy was performed in 52/93 (55.91 %) patients after polypectomy — in 15/52 (28.85 %) colorectal polyps were found again; 41/55 (74.55 %) in the patient who refused polypectomy — in all 41/41 (100 %) polyps were found (p < 0.001). In patients after polypectomy, new localization of colon polyps was significantly more common and their morphological pattern changed significantly more common than in those who refused surgery (p = 0.017 and p = 0.031, respectively).

Conclusion

Conclusion. A follow-up colonoscopy is an important stage in the follow-up of patients with colon polyps. Dynamic colonoscopy is necessary for patients both after polypectomy and without surgical treatment of colon polyps for their early diagnosis and removal, as well as, as a result, the prevention of colorectal cancer.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.