urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.25.2.57WGBKRHurmj-2157Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesВзаимосвязь между уровнем витаминов-антиоксидантов в сыворотке крови и параметрами спермограммы у мужчин с идиопатическим бесплодием в ХМАО-ЮгреRelationship Between Serum Levels of Antioxidant Vitamins and Semen Analysis Parameters in Men with Idiopathic Infertility in Yugrahttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-7835-7685БеликО. С.BelikО. S.

Олег Сергеевич Белик — уролог лаборатории вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, женская консультация, перинатальный центр

Ханты-Мансийск

Oleg S. Belik      — Urologist of the Laboratory of Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Women’s Consulta‑ tion, Perinatal Center

Khanty‑Mansiysk

belik.o.s@mail.ruОкружная клиническая больницаРоссияDistrict Clinical HospitalRussian Federation20262604202625257–66Copyright © Белик О.С., 20262026Белик О.С.Belik О.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/2157Введение

Введение. Нарушения мужской фертильности, особенно идиопатическое мужское бесплодие (ИМБ), остаются актуальной медико-социальной проблемой. Патогенез ИМБ часто связывают с оксидативным стрессом, в связи с чем особый интерес представляют витамины-антиоксиданты, однако комплексных исследований их сывороточных концентраций в региональных популяциях, таких как Ханты-Мансийский автономный округ — Югра (ХМАО-Югра), недостаточно.

Цель исследования — сравнить концентрацию витаминов A, E, C, D в сыворотке крови и параметры спермограммы у мужчин с ИМБ и фертильных мужчин, проживающих в ХМАО-Югре, а также оценить взаимосвязь уровней витаминов с показателями спермограммы в общей выборке обследованных лиц.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное исследование «случай — контроль». Основную группу составили 70 пациентов с ИМБ, группу сравнения — 50 фертильных мужчин с нормоспермией. Всем участникам выполнены оценка семиологических параметров (критерии Всемирной организации здравоохранения 2021) и определение сывороточных концентраций витаминов A и Е методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ВЭЖХ); витамина C — ВЭЖХ с ультрафиолетовым детектированием; 25-гидроксивитамина D — хемилюминесцентным иммуноанализом. Статистический анализ выполнен в MedCalc.

Результаты

Результаты. У пациентов с ИМБ выявлено достоверное снижение уровней витаминов А, Е и С и ухудшение всех параметров спермограммы по сравнению с контролем (p < 0,001). Различий по витамину D не обнаружено. В ходе корреляционного анализа на объединенной выборке (n = 120) выявлены статистически значимые положительные связи витаминов A, E и C с основными параметрами спермограммы. Наиболее выраженные корреляции установлены для витамина C с долей активно подвижных сперматозоидов (rS = 0,758; p < 0,001) и общей подвижностью (rS = 0,699; p < 0,001). Витамины A и E также значимо коррелировали с подвижностью, морфологией и концентрацией сперматозоидов (p < 0,001–0,010). Достоверных корреляций витамина D с показателями спермограммы не выявлено (p > 0,050).

Introduction

Introduction. Male fertility disorders, particularly idiopathic male infertility (IMI), remain a pressing medical and social issue. The pathogenesis of IMI is often associated with oxidative stress, which highlights the relevance of antioxidant vitamins. However, comprehensive studies of their serum concentrations in regional populations, such as the Yugra, are lacking.

Objective is to compare serum concentrations of vitamins A, E, C, D and semen parameters in men with IMI and fertile men residing in Yugra, and to assess the relationship between vitamin levels and semen parameters in the total sample of examined individuals.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A prospective case-control study was conducted. The main group consisted of 70 patients with IMI, the comparison group — 50 fertile men with normozoospermia. All participants underwent semen analysis (WHO 2021 criteria) and determination of serum concentrations of vitamins A and E by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), vitamin C by HPLC with ultraviolet detection, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc.

Results

Results. Patients with IMI showed a significant decrease in serum levels of vitamins A, E, and C and deterioration in all semen parameters compared to controls (p < 0.001). No differences were found for vitamin D. Correlation analysis in the pooled sample (n = 120) revealed significant positive associations of vitamins A, E, and C with the main semen parameters. The most pronounced correlations were found for vitamin C with the proportion of progressively motile sperm (rS = 0.758; p < 0.001) and total motility (rS = 0.699; p < 0.001). Vitamins A and E also significantly correlated with motility, morphology, and sperm concentration (p < 0.001–0.010). No significant correlations were found between vitamin D and semen parameters (p > 0.050).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.