urmjУральский медицинский журналUral Medical Journal2949-4389Ural State Medical University10.52420/umj.25.2.67WXVTNYurmj-2158Research ArticleОригинальные статьи | Original articlesOriginal articlesОсобенности морфометрических параметров носоглотки и аденоидов у детейFeatures of Morphometric Parameters of the Nasopharynx and Adenoids in Childrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3297-1747МаркееваМ. В.MarkeevaM. V.

Марина Викторовна Маркеева — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анатомии человека

Саратов

Marina V. Markeeva       — Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Human Anatomy

Saratov

mmarina-2011@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2151-1208АлешкинаО. Ю.AleshkinaO. U.

Ольга Юрьевна Алешкина — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой анатомии человека

Саратов

Olga U. Аleshkina — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Human Anatomy

Saratov

aleshkina_ou@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-5155ТарасоваН. В.TarasovaN. V.

Наталья Валерьевна Тарасова — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой оториноларингологии

Волгоград

Natalya V. Tarasova — Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology

Volgograd

tarasova-nv@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0150-6850КочетыговаО. В.KochetygovaO. V.

Ольга Вениаминовна Кочетыгова — кандидат экономических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры «Информационные системы и моделирование»

Саратов

Olga V. Kochetygova — Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Information Systems and Modeling

Saratov

OV_Kochetygova@mail.ruСаратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В. И. РазумовскогоРоссияSaratov State Medical University named after V. I. RazumovskyRussian FederationВолгоградский государственный медицинский университетРоссияVolgograd State Medical UniversityRussian FederationСаратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю. А.РоссияYuri Gagarin State Technical University of SaratovRussian Federation20262604202625267–80Copyright © Маркеева М.В., Алешкина О.Ю., Тарасова Н.В., Кочетыгова О.В., 20262026Маркеева М.В., Алешкина О.Ю., Тарасова Н.В., Кочетыгова О.В.Markeeva M.V., Aleshkina O.U., Tarasova N.V., Kochetygova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/2158Введение

Введение. Изучение связей между назальным обструктивным синдромом, аденоидами, цефалометрическими показателями в настоящее время является актуальным.

Цель исследования — выявить зависимости между размерами носоглотки и аденоидов от размеров лицевого черепа у детей в возрасте 4–7 лет для возможного выбора инструментария в предоперационном периоде и улучшения результатов операций в клинической практике.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. На 79 компьютерных томограммах голов детей 4–7 лет обоих полов изучены краниометрические параметры лицевого скелета от грушевидного отверстия до хоан.

Результаты

Результаты. Высота носоглотки связана с шириной нижнего носового хода в переднем отделе без учета слизистой оболочки носовой раковины, высотой сошника, шириной хоаны; длина носоглотки — с толщиной перегородки носа в переднем отделе; ширина носоглотки — с общей шириной хоан; на высоту аденоидов влияют общая ширина хоан, ширина грушевидного отверстия, у мальчиков высота аденоидов в среднем на 1,724 мм меньше, чем у девочек того же возраста; на длину аденоидов влияет толщина нижней носовой раковины справа в заднем отделе и ширина хоаны.

Заключение

Заключение. У детей 4–7 лет могут быть рассчитаны размеры носоглотки на основе выявленных зависимостей от размеров лицевого черепа, что можно использовать в предоперационном периоде при планировании аденотомии для выбора размера и угла хирургического инструментария и повышения качества проводимых операций. Использование регрессионных уравнений для расчета размеров аденоидов в зависимости от размеров лицевого черепа у детей в возрасте от 4 до 7 лет нецелесообразно.

Introduction

Introduction. The study of relationship between nasal obstruction syndrome, adenoids, cephalometric indicators is relevant.

Research objective is to identify the relationship between the size of the nasopharynx and adenoids and the size of the facial skull in children aged 4–7 years, in order to select the appropriate instruments and improve the results of surgeries in clinical practice.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. 79 CT scans of children’s heads aged 4–7 years of both sexes were evaluated сraniometric parameters of facial skeleton from piriform aperture to the hoanas.

Results

Results. The height of nasopharynx is related to width of inferior nasal passage in anterior region, excluding mucous membrane of nasal concha, height of vomer, and width of choana; its length — to thickness of nasal septum in anterior region; its width — to total width of choana; height of adenoids — to total width of choana and width of piriform aperture, in boys the height of adenoids is 1.724 mm less than in girls of the same age; their length — to thickness of lower nasal turbinate on the right in posterior region and width of choana.

Conclusion

Conclusion. In children 4–7 years, the size of the nasopharynx can be calculated based on the identified dependencies from the size of the facial skull, which is important for adenotomy to select instruments and improve the quality of operations. It is not advisable to use regression equations to calculate the size of adenoids based on the size of the facial skull n children aged 4 to 7 years.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.