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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/umj.25.4.91</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ZIVHSL</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-2292</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи | Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние гестационного сахарного диабета на течение и исходы беременности у пациенток с рубцом на матке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on the Course and Outcomes of Pregnancy in Patients with a Uterine Scar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-6296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальгина</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malgina</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Борисовна Мальгина – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, ученый</p><p>секретарь, ведущий научный сотрудник научного отделения антенатальной охраны плода</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina B. Malgina – Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Honored Physician of the Russia, Scientific Secretary, Leading Researcher of the Scientific Department of Antenatal Fetal Care</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеров</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Федорович Нестеров – кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник научного отделения антенатальной охраны плода, заведующий операционно-родовым отделением</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly F. Nesterov –Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Senior Researcher of the Scientific Department of Antenatal Fetal Care, Head of the Surgical and Maternity Department</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.nesterov2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5607-5093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Викторовна Путилова – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий научным отделением антенатальной охраны плода</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Putilova – Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Scientific Department of Antenatal Fetal Care</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>91–107</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мальгина Г.Б., Нестеров В.Ф., Путилова Н.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мальгина Г.Б., Нестеров В.Ф., Путилова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malgina G.B., Nesterov V.F., Putilova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/2292">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/2292</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение </title><p>Введение . Гестационный сахарный диабет (ГСД) имеет существенную клиническую значимость в современном акушерстве, а его сочетание с имеющимся рубцом на матке дополнительно может ухудшить перинатальный прогноз.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель </title><p>Цель . Изучить особенности материнского анамнеза, течения беременности, родоразрешения, послеродового периода и морфологические детерминанты неполноценности рубца на матке у пациенток с гестационным сахарным диабетом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы </title><p>Материалы и методы . Проведено ретроспективное когортное сравнительное исследование течения и исходов гестации у 101 пациентки с рубцом на матке после кесарева сечения (КС). Из них у 60 (основная группа) выявлен гестационный сахарный диабет. Группа сравнения 41 пациентка без ГСД. Изучен анамнез, данные УЗИ, ЭХО-эластография сдвиговой волны. Ткани рубца направлялись на гистологическое исследование.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты </title><p>Результаты . Паритет беременности у пациенток основной группы значимо выше, в анамнезе значимо чаще отмечены искусственные аборты. Доля ожирения у пациенток с ГСД значимо выше. Основное осложнение настоящей беременности угроза прерывания (ОШ 2,39 при 95 % ДИ [1,013–5,623]). При эластографическом исследовании выявлена значимая положительная корреляционная связь между индексом жесткости и наличием ГСД ( r = 0,82), ОР неполноценности рубца на матке у пациенток с гестационным сахарным диабетом значимо увеличивается и составляет 1,92 при 95 % ДИ [1,276–2,896]. Масса новорожденного в группе пациенток с ГСД значимо выше, чем в группе сравнения. При анализе клинико-морфологических вариантов неполноценности рубца по данным гистологического исследования значимо чаще подтверждался «сосудистый» вариант.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение </title><p>Заключение . вынашивание беременности при наличии рубца на матке после предыдущего абдоминального родоразрешения и ГСД несет значительные риски, которые нужно учитывать при медицинском сопровождении данной категории пациенток. Основные причины неполноценности рубца на матке у пациенток с ГСД связаны с повышенной жесткостью тканей при диабете, макросомией плода и изменениями сосудистой стенки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction </title><p>Introduction . The significance of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The presence of a uterine scar worsens the perinatal prognosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective </title><p>Objective . To study the characteristics of the maternal history, pregnancy course, delivery, postpartum period, and morphological determinants of uterine scar defects in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods </title><p>Materials and Methods . A retrospective cohort comparative study of the course and outcomes of pregnancy was conducted in 101 patients with a uterine scar following cesarean section (CS). Of these, 60 (the study group) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. The comparison group consisted of 41 patients without GDM. Medical history, ultrasound data, and shear wave echo elastography were reviewed. Scar tissue was sent for histological examination. Results . The parity of pregnancy in patients of the main group is significantly higher; the anamnesis includes significantly more often induced abortions and obesity. The main complication of the current pregnancy is the threat of termination (OR 2.39 at 95 % CI [1.013–5.623]). Elastographic study revealed a significant positive correlation be_r_ tween the stiffness index and the presence of GDM ( = 0.82), the OR of uterine scar insufficiency in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus significantly increases and is 1.92 at 95 % CI [1.276–2.896]. When analyzing the clinical and morphological variants of scar insufficiency according to histological examination data, the “vascular” variant was confirmed significantly more often.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion </title><p>Conclusion . The main causes of uterine scar insufficiency in patients with gestational diabetes, increased tissue stiffness in diabetes, fetal macrosomia, and vascular wall changes are associated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гестационный сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>рубец на матке</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>угроза прерывания беременности</kwd><kwd>неполноценность рубца</kwd><kwd>ЭХО-эластография сдвиговой волны</kwd><kwd>макросомия плода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gestational diabetes</kwd><kwd>uterine scar</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>threatened miscarriage</kwd><kwd>scar defect</kwd><kwd>shear wave elastography</kwd><kwd>fetal macrosomia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Negmatullaeva MN, Tuksanova DI, Nasyrova ShSh. Modern aspects of gestational diabetes mellitus: Definition, risk factors. 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