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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Уральский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ural Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4389</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ural State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52420/2071-5943-2021-20-6-14-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urmj-896</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Безопасность адаптивных режимов вентиляции легких ISV и PSV при отлучении пациентов от респиратора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Safety of adaptive ventilation modes ISV and PSV when weaning the patient from a respirator</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Собетова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sobetova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Вячеславовна Собетова – кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Sobetova – MD</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sobetova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Главатских</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glavatskikh</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Алексеевич Главатских – врач-анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Glavatskikh – anesthesiologist-intensivist</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glav.81@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Степановна Давыдова – доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda S. Davydova – Doctor of Medicine</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davidovaeka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лейдерман</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leyderman</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Наумович Лейдерман – доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Il'ja N. Leyderman – Doctor of Medicine, Professor</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inl230970@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ СО «Центральная городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central City Clinical Hospital No 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Собетова Г.В., Главатских Р.А., Давыдова Н.С., Лейдерман И.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Собетова Г.В., Главатских Р.А., Давыдова Н.С., Лейдерман И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sobetova G.V., Glavatskikh R.A., Davydova N.S., Leyderman I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/896">https://www.umjusmu.ru/jour/article/view/896</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время не существует протоколов и рекомендаций в отношении вспомогательной вентиляции легких при отлучении пациента от респиратора. Применение режима интеллектуальной адаптивной вентиляции iSV, реализованном в отечественном аппарате искусственной вентиляции легких (ИВЛ) ZISLINE МV200 К 1.19 («Triton» Екатеринбург), обеспечивающего целевой объем минутной вентиляции независимо от спонтанной дыхательной активности пациента с регуляцией уровня давления поддержки после каждого дыхательного цикла, является перспективным.</p><p>Цель работы –  оценить безопасность режимов применения вспомогательной вентиляции PSV и iSV в период адаптации пациента ОРИТ к спонтанному дыханию после длительной ИВЛ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Методом сплошной выборки нами обследовано 46 пациентов. Средний возраст составил 65,5 ± 12,6 лет. Средняя продолжительность искусственной вентиляции легких составила 8 ± 2,2 суток. Деление на 2 группы в зависимости от метода вспомогательной вентиляции для адаптации к спонтанному дыханию: 1 группа (n = 25) с целью адаптации к спонтанному дыханию использовали режим с поддержкой давлением (PSV); во 2 группе (n = 21) — режим с поддержкой давлением (iSV). Безопасность проведения ИВЛ оценивали по динамике уровня артериального CO2, насыщения гемоглобина артериальной крови кислородом, величины поддержки давлением, показателей потребления кислорода и энергии, суточного гидробаланса.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сравнительный анализ метаболических показателей показал более высокую расчетную потребность в энергии в режиме PSV (достоверно отличающуюся на 3 и 5 сут), положительный гидробаланс, обусловленный высоким положительным давлением в грудной клетке и некоторой задержкой жидкости, что подтверждает более активную дыхательную нагрузку при режиме PSV. Во время применения режима iSV с 3 по 5 сут. наблюдали отрицательный гидробаланс, который к 7–10 сут. становился статистически незначимо положительным, что подтверждает стабилизацию водно-электролитного обмена (ВЭО). Обсуждение. Большинство исследований, посвященных изучению преимуществ методов вспомогательной вентиляции, использовали в качестве первичного показателя успех отлучения. Мы в исследовании ориентировались на основные респираторные показатели и адекватность вентиляции при использовании вспомогательных режимов, и метаболические затраты. Отметили снижение количества суток, проведенных пациентами в РАО при использовании режима iSV по сравнению с применением режима PSV, определили существенное снижение расчетной потребности в энергии при использовании адаптивного режима вентиляции по сравнению с режимом поддержки давлением вне зависимости от уровня PS, а также увеличение VO2 и VCO2.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Режим iSV представляется более физиологичным, чем режим PSV, так как не только предъявляет меньшие требования к респираторной системе, но и позволяет стабилизировать ВЭО у пациента при восстановлении после критического состояния.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently there are no reports or recommendations concerning the ventilator weaning process. Appliance of the intellectual adaptive ventilation mode (iSV) represented in indigenous Russian unit ALV ZISLINE МV200 К 1.19 («Triton» Yekaterinburg) is highly potential. It provides minute ventilation target volume regardless of spontaneous patient’s respiratory activity and controls the pressure-support ventilation level (PSV) after each ventilatory cycle. Object was to increase safety of a patient’s spontaneous breathing adaptation period after longtime artificial lung ventilation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Using the continuous sampling method we’ve surveyed 46 patients at the ages from 34 to 81 y.o. (median is 65.5 y.o.) being under prolonged artificial lung ventilation treatment at ICU from 5 to 28 full days. The groups are divided into 2 depending on the assisted respiration method for spontaneous breathing adaptation. In the 1st group (n = 25) the PSV mode was used for the purpose of spontaneous breathing adaptation. In the 2nd group (n = 21) the iSV mode was employed. The safety of conducting artificial lung ventilation was estimated by the dynamic of the arterial CO2 level, arterial oxygen saturation, pressure-support value, oxygen and energy intake value and a 24-hour fluid balance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The comparison study of the metabolic indicants showed a higher rate of estimated energy requirement in the PSV mode authentically different by 3-5 full days, positive fluid balance conditioned by positive airway pressure and certain fluid retention which confirms more active respiratory load in the PSV mode. In the iSV mode from the 3rd till the 5th full day there’s negative fluid balance. By the 7th-10th full day it becomes slightly positive which proves electrolyte and fluid balance stabilization.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion. Most of the studies related to the study of the advantages of one or another method of auxiliary ventilation used the success of weaning as the primary indicator. In our study, we focused on the main respiratory indicators and the adequacy of ventilation when using auxiliary modes, as well as metabolic costs. In our study, we noted a decrease in the number of days spent by patients in IUC when using the iSV mode compared with the use of the PSV mode. We have determined a significant reduction in the estimated energy demand when using the adaptive ventilation mode compared to the pressure support mode, regardless of the PS level, as well as an increase in VO2 and VCO2.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the iSV mode is believed to be more physiological than the PSV as it not only makes less demands on the respiratory system but it also allows to stabilize a patient's fluid balance during recovery after his/her critical condition.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Искусственная вентиляция легких</kwd><kwd>ИВЛ</kwd><kwd>отлучение пациента от аппарата</kwd><kwd>режимы вспомогательной вентиляции</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Artificial lung ventilation</kwd><kwd>ventilator weaning process</kwd><kwd>assisted respiration modes</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A multicenter randomized trial of computer-driven protocolized weaning from mechanical ventilation | Lellouche F., Mancebo J., Jolliet P. 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