Изменение химических параметров ротовой жидкости при возраст‑ассоциированных стоматологических заболеваниях

Введение. В пожилом и старческом возрастах увеличивается распространенность возраст-ассоциированных заболеваний полости рта, к которым относят хронический пародонтит и красный плоский лишай слизистой рта.

Цель исследования — оценить изменения биохимических параметров ротовой жидкости при возраст-ассоциированных заболеваниях полости рта с учетом пересчета концентрации аналитов на содержание общего белка. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняло участие 86 человек пожилого возраста от 60 до 74 лет. Сформированы группы: пациенты с повышенной стираемостью зубов (n = 16); хроническим пародонтитом средней тяжести (n = 22); изменениями слизистой по типу красного плоского лишая (n = 28); здоровые добровольцы (n = 20). Для оценки физико-химических параметров ротовой жидкости применяли диагностические тест-полоски Siemens Multistix 10 SG (США), отражательный фотометр Siemens Clinitek Status+ (США), химический анализатор Mindray BS-240Pro (КНР). В работе проводилось определение 16 биохимических параметров и 4 расчетных индекса. Поскольку ротовая жидкость является нестандартизованной биожидкостью, непосредственно определяемые параметры пересчитывали путем деления на концентрацию общего белка пробы.

Результаты. Установлено, что пациенты с красным плоским лишаем отличались от контрольной группы бÓльшим значением относительной плотности и высокими уровнями общего белка и кальция. Пациенты с хроническим пародонтитом имели более высокое содержание C-реактивного белка по сравнению с контролем. После приведения результатов по концентрации общего белка различия между группами по всем исследованным параметрам отсутствовали.

Обсуждение. Данные соответствуют литературным источникам, описывающим изменения ротовой жидкости при возраст-ассоциированных заболеваниях, однако способы корректировки практически не использовались в рассмотренных работах.

Заключение. Химические параметры ротовой жидкости меняются при возраст-ассоциированных заболеваниях рта. Необходим поиск оптимального метода корректировки, поскольку разведение и вязкость ротовой жидкости могут существенно влиять на результаты исследования.

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