Реабилитация когнитивных функций в виртуальной среде: систематический обзор
https://doi.org/10.52420/umj.23.6.91
EDN: OIGYIA
Аннотация
Введение. По данным ВОЗ, в современном мире наблюдается тенденция к повышению среднего возраста населения. Это, наряду с другими эпидемиологическими факторами, создает предпосылки к увеличению распространенности когнитивных нарушений. Таким образом, проблема ранней диагностики когнитивных расстройств в настоящее время является особенно актуальной.
Цель — анализ современного состояния проблемы применения технологий виртуальной реальности в сфере нейрореабилитации, а также оценка клинической эффективности реабилитации когнитивных способностей в виртуальной среде по сравнению с традиционными методами.
Материалы и методы. В базе данных PubMed с использованием ключевых слов найдено 245 публикаций. После отбора в итоговую выборку включено 25 публикаций по рассматриваемой теме.
Результаты. При анализе публикаций выявлено, что традиционные методы когнитивной реабилитации воздействуют только на социально значимые компоненты интеллекта, упуская другие стороны когнитивных способностей. Несмотря на актуальность темы нейрореабилитации, в настоящее время существует только шесть программ для обучения и реабилитации когнитивных способностей. Однако даже существующие предложения являются компьютерной интерпретацией традиционных методов реабилитации. При этом разные исследования свидетельствуют о различной степени их клинической эффективности, что затрудняет постановку однозначного вывода.
Обсуждение. Применение виртуальной реальности для реабилитации когнитивных способностей является перспективным направлением в современной восстановительной неврологии. Эта технология не только позволяет добиться полного погружения пациента в сам процесс реабилитации, но и открывает возможности проведения реабилитации в удаленном формате. Тот факт, что разные публикации сообщают о различном уровне клинической эффективности подобной методики, вызван малым числом исследований и различиями в исследуемых когортах и методологии исследований.
Заключение. Выявлено, что проблема применения виртуальной реальности в сфере нейрореабилитации в настоящее время актуальна. Однако для оценки клинической эффективности таких методик необходимо большее число масштабных исследований.
Об авторах
А. А. Кузнецов
Уральский государственный медицинский университет
Россия
Конфликт интересов:
Россия
Артём Александрович Кузнецов — студент института клинической медицины
Екатеринбург
Конфликт интересов:
Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов.
Т. С. Петренко
Уральский государственный медицинский университет
Россия
Конфликт интересов:
Россия
Тимур Сергеевич Петренко — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры психиатрии, психотерапии и наркологии, руководитель отдела координации деятельности молодежных научных лабораторий
Екатеринбург
Конфликт интересов:
Авторы заявляют об отсутствии явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов.
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Кузнецов АА, Петренко ТС. Реабилитация когнитивных функций в виртуальной среде: систематический обзор. Уральский медицинский журнал. 2024;23(6):91–107. https://doi.org/10.52420/umj.23.6.91. EDN: OIGYIA
For citation:
Kuznetsov AA, Petrenko TS. Rehabilitation of Cognitive Functions in a Virtual Environment: A Systematic Review. Ural Medical Journal. 2024;23(6):91–107. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52420/umj.23.6.91. EDN: OIGYIA
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