Analysis of Mortality Rates from the Main Groups of Non-communicable Diseases in the Russia for 2010–2022

Introduction. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to be one of the leading causes of death and disability both in the world and in Russia, while occupying a significant share in the structure of mortality rates — 74 % and 80 %, respectively.

The aim of the study was to study the structure and dynamics of mortality rates of the population from priority groups of NCDs in Russia in a multi-year perspective for 2010–2022.

Materials and methods. For the epidemiological study we used data from various materials, Ministry of Health, Rospotrebnadzor and Rosstat on mortality and morbidity of NCDs by main classes, groups and socio-demographic indicators for 2010–2022.

Results. According to the values of mortality rates in the overall mortality structure of the population of Russia over a number of years (2010–2022), the main share was made up of NCDs, primarily diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of the digestive and respiratory organs.

Discussion. In 2022, 68.4 % of deaths were due to NCDs, most of which were related to diseases of the circulatory system (43.8 %) and neoplasms (14.8 %). The priority of the listed groups of NCDs was also observed in the long-term dynamics (2010–2022) of mortality rates in Russia: diseases of the circulatory system (38.3–56.8 % of all deaths), neoplasms (11.6–16.6 %), diseases of the digestive system (4.5–5.5 %) and respiratory diseases (3.3–4.7 %). In terms of gender, according to the mortality rate, men of working age died from NCDs 3.1–3.7 times more often than women.

Conclusion. NCDs remain the leading cause of death in Russia, primarily among the working-age population, requiring increased measures to prevent cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diseases of the digestive and respiratory organs in particular.

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