Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with different types of diabetes mellitus: course and efficacy of treatment

Abstract

The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the features of the course and efficacy of the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with different types of diabetes mellitus (DM). 287 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group included 69 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with type 1 diabetes (DM1). The second group consisted of 87 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in combination with type 2 diabetes (DM2). The third group consisted of 131 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without diabetes mellitus. It was found that pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in patients without diabetes was predominantly detected at the age of 20 to 39 years, and in type 2 diabetes, on the contrary - over the age of 40 years. A comparative analysis of the clinical forms of pulmonary tuberculosis showed that tuberculum were significantly more frequent among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes than those without diabetes. Distraction in lung tissue was observed in most patients in all three groups. In patients with combined DM, cavities with diameters less than 2 cm was more often observed. In patients with tuberculosis without DM, cavities with sizes from 2 to 4 cm were more often detected. M. tuberculosis positive sputum was observed in the majority of patients in all three groups, but significantly more often in patients with DM2. According to the spectrum of drug resistance, compared groups did not differ significantly. Negativation of sputum in 6 months was detected in 77,5% of patients with DM1, in 88,9% of patients with DM2 and 85,7% of patients without DM. Closing the cavity in lung in six month was detected in 38,8% of patients with DM1, in 59,3% of patients with DM2 and 61,0% of patients without DM.