Importance of ophthalmological examination in pregnancy

Abstract

Obstetricians interest to the eye pathology is connected with the choice of tactics while looking after women expecting babies and the way of their childbirth if the pregnant patients have any eye pathology. Nowadays this question is opened to discussion, according to the literature. The frequency of performing Caesarian section reaches 10 - 30% if expectant mothers have any eye disease. Nevertheless, the reason for surgical childbirth is retinal detachment or its threat in most cases. The most frequent reason for retinal detachment is vitreochorioretinal retinal dystrophy, that about 14,6% of women at childbearing age are often ill. In this article the facts concerning ophthalmologic inspections of pregnant women have been systematized. All the women expecting babies must be examined by ophthalmologist before 28 - 30 week of pregnancy and must be examined using ophthalmoscopy in condition of the highest possible medical midriatic. If retinal tears or retinal detachment are found, laser photocoagulation is strongly recommended. If pregnant women have from high to medium myopia, they must be examined every 3 months. The next ophthalmologic examination is recommended during 32 - 36 week of pregnancy. After that ophthalmologist makes the final conclusion about the choice of way of childbirth considering ophthalmologic indications. Despite the fact, that ophthalmologist makes the conclusion about the preferred method of childbirth, the decision in each specific case must be made advisory together with obstetrician - gynecologist, who supervises the pregnant woman.