Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension in hypothyroid pathology
https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2019.02.18
Abstract
A special role in the formation of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension is played by diseases of the thyroid gland. In any form of hypothyroidism, vascular tone increases, hypervolemia is formed, which leads to changes in blood pressure, myocardial dystrophy and the development of AF. The development and progression of AF affects the lack of thyroid hormones: TH suppresses aldosterone synthesis and stimulates the secretion of atrial and cerebral natriuretic peptide. Therefore, hypothyroidism develops hyperaldosteronism and decreases the content of natriuretic hormone in the blood, which leads to hypervolemia. Atrophic processes in cardiomyocytes are exacerbated by intracellular potassium deficiency, which is caused by hyper aldosteronism characteristic of all types of hypothyroidism. TG plays the role of physiological antagonists of antidiuretic hormone, and their deficiency leads to increased water reabsorption and increases the likelihood of the formation of a volume-dependent form of hypertension, the effect on the endothelium of the cell, releasing vasoactive substances and reducing the sensitivity of adrenoreceptors to the action of catecholamines. In hypothyroidism, almost all soft tissues, including the vascular wall, accumulate in an excessive amount of glycosaminoglycans, which " ' " ions and water, which leads to swelling of the vascular wall, reduction of nitric oxide production and narrowing of the lumen of arteries and veins. Hyperproduction of thyroliberin, which leads to a decrease in dopaminergic activity of the brain. In addition, hypothyroidism causes thickening of the basement membrane of capillaries and the diffusion of oxygen through their wall is disturbed. The effect of hypothyroidism and drugs used in its treatment on AF is ambiguous. The authors disagree about the course of AF and the frequency of relapse, the risk of complications of AF. All this indicates the need to continue research in this direction.
About the Authors
L. D. Hidirova
ФГБОУ ВПО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Новосибирский Областной Кардиологический Клинический Диспансер
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
D. A. Yakhontov
ФГБОУ ВПО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Новосибирский Областной Кардиологический Клинический Диспансер
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
V. D. Kazantseva
ФГБОУ ВПО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Новосибирский Областной Кардиологический Клинический Диспансер
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
S. A. Zenin
ФГБОУ ВПО Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России; Новосибирский Областной Кардиологический Клинический Диспансер
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Ahmad, T., Fiuzat, M., Neely, B., Neely, M. L., Pencina, M. J., Kraus, W. E., Felker, G. M. (2014). Biomarkers of myocardial stress and fibrosis as predictors of mode of death in patients with chronic heart failure. JACC: Heart Failure, 2(3), 260-268. DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2013.12.004
2. Подлесов А.М., Бойцов С.А., ЕгоровД.Ф. с соавт. Мерцательная аритмия // СПб: ЭЛБИ-СПб, 2001. - 335 с
3. Auer J. Fat: an emerging player in the field of atrial fibrillation. European Heart Journal 2017;38:62-5.
4. Belluzzi F, Sernesi L, Preti P, et al. Prevention of recurrence lone atrialfibrillation by the angiotensin II converting Enzyme inhibitor ramipril innormotensive patients. JACC 2009; 53: 24-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.08.071
5. Boss ChJ, Lip GYH. Targeting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inatrial fibrillation: from pathology to clinical trials. J Hum Hypertens 2005;19: 855-9. DOI:10.1038/jhh.2014.125
6. Chamberlain A, Agarwal S, Folsom A, et al. A clinical risk score for atrial fibrillation in a biracial prospective cohort (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities [ARIC] study). Am J Cardiol 2011; 107: 85-91.
7. Chugh S. - J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. - 2001. - Vol. 37. - P. 371-378.
8. Collet T.H., Gussekloo J., Bauer D.C. et al. Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. Arch. Intern. Med. 2012; 172 (10): 799-809. PMID:22529182, D0I:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.402.
9. Corvilain B. Subclinical hyperthyroidism: from diagnosis to treatment. Rev. Med. Brux. 2012; 33 (4): 241-5. PMID:23091927.
10. Cullen M.W, Kim S., Sr Piccini J.P. / Risks and Benefits of Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) Registry // Circ Cardiovasc Oual Outcomes. 2013. 6 (4).461-9
11. Danzi S., Klein I. Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system /Endocrinol. - 2004 - 29(3) - P. 139-50
12. Duntas L.H., Brenta G. The effect of thyroid disorders on lipid levels and metabolism. Med. Clin. North Am. 2012; 96 (2): 269-81. PMID:2443975, D0I:10.1016/j. mcna.2012.01.012.
13. Браверман Л.И., Болезни щитовидной железы. М., Медицина, 2000
14. Ertugrul D.T., Yavuz B., Ata N. et al. Decreasing brain natriuretic peptide levels after treatment for hyperthyroidism. Endocr. J. 2009; 56 (9): 1043-8. PMID:19738361, D0I:10.1507/endocrj.K09E-159.
15. Girerd N, Pibarot P, Fournier D, et al. Middle-aged men with increased waist circumference and elevated c-reactive protein level are at higher risk for postoperative atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Eur Heart J 2009; 30: 1270-8.
16. Go S., Hylek EM, Phillips K.A / Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the An Ticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study /A/ JAMA. 2001. Vol. 285. P. 2370-2375.
17. Jones J.D., Khand A. U., Douglas H. / The intersection of atrial fibrillation and heart failure in a hospitalised population /Acta Cardiol. 2013. № 68 (4). Р. 395-402.
18. Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2893-962.
19. Knuiman M, Briffa T, Divitini M, et al. A cohort study examination of established and emerging risk factors for atrial fibrillation: the Busselton health study. Eur J Epidemiol 2014;29:181-90Mansourian A.R. A review on cardiovascular diseases originated from subclinical hypothyroidism. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 2012; 15 (2): 58-67. PMID:22545358.
20. Lewis Т., Drury А, Bulger Н. А. Observations upon flutter and fibrillation. Part VII. The effects of vagal stimulation// Heart. 1921. Vol. 8. P. 141-170.
21. Lip G., Golding D., Nazir М. et al. A survey of atrial fibrillation in general practice: the West Birmingham Atrial FibrillationProject // Br. J. Gen. Pract. 1997. Vol. 47. Р. 285-289.
22. Lip G., Coca А. Aconsensus document from the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Council on Hypertension, endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulacion Cardiaca y Electrofisiologia (SOLEACE), 2016
23. Lloyd-Jones D., Wang T., Leip Е. Р. et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study //Circulation. 2004. Vol. 110. Р. 1042-1046.
24. Marshall D., Levy А., Vidaill Н. et et al. AFFIRM and CORE Investigators. Cost-effectiveness of rhythm versus rate control in atrial fibrillation //Ann. Intern. Med. 2004. Vol. 141. Р. 653-661.
25. Naccarelli G., Varker H. Increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation and flutter in the United States //Am. J. Cardiol. 2009.Vol. 104. Р. 1534-1539.
26. Miyasaka Y., Barnes М., Gersh B. J. et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence // Circulation. 2006. Vol. 114. Р. 119-125.
27. Karasoy D, Bo Jensen T, Hansen M, et al. Obesity is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation among fertile young women: a nationwide cohort study. Europace 2013; 15: 781-6.
28. Nalliah C, Sanders P Kottkamp H, et al. The role of obesity in atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2016; 37:1565-72.Nattel S. New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on //Nature. 2002. Vol. 415. Р. 219-226.
29. Reynolds M., Essebag V. Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Associated with Recurrent Episodes of Atrial Fibrillation: The FRACTAL Registry // J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 2007.Apr 19.
30. Беляева Ю. Б., Рахматтулов Ф. К., Прохорова С. В. и др. Изменение гемодинамических и электрофизиологических показателей сердца под влиянием субклинической дисфункции щитовидной железы у больных ИБСспароксизмами фибрилляции предсердий. / Вестник новых медицинских технологий - 2010 - Т. XVII, №1 - С. 16
31. Майскова Е.А., Шварц Ю.Г. Скрытая тиреоидная патология в течение сердечнососудистых заболеваний и фибрилляции предсердий у пациентов старших возрастных групп / Сердце: журнал для практикующих врачей. 2011. Т. 10. № 3. С. 169-177
32. Sandhu R, Conen D, Tedrow U, et al. Predisposing factors associated with development of persistent compared with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000916. https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.114.000916 (1 May 2014).
33. Schmidt M., Schicha H. Thyroid disorders. Versicherungsmedizin. 2011; 63 (4): 176-9. PMID: 22486048.
34. Бланкова З.Н., Агеев Ф.Т., Середенина Е.М. и др. Гипотиреоз и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания. РМЖ. 2014; 13: 980
35. Браверман Л.И., Болезни щитовидной железы. М., Медицина, 2000
36. Деревнина Е.С., Акимова Н.С., Мартынович Т.В. и др. Когнитивные нарушения при фибрилляции предсердий на фоне сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний/ Анналы аритмологии. 2013. Т. 10. №2. С. 87-94
37. Козлова Л.К., Кучма Г.Б., Турмухамбетова Б.Т., Ибрагимова Е.А., Соколова Н.В., Шатилов А.П. Сложные нарушения ритма и проводимости сердца у пациентки с гипотиреозом
38. Майскова Е.А., Шварц Ю.Г. Скрытая тиреоидная патология в течение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и фибрилляции предсердий у пациентов старших возрастных групп / Сердце: журнал для практикующих врачей. 2011. Т. 10. №3. С. 134-140
39. Сулимов В.А., Голицын., С.П., Панченко Е.П. с соавт. М Диагностика и лечение фибрилляции предсердий: Рекомендации РКО, ВНОА и АССХ/.; 2012.100 с
40. Царева Ю.О., Соколов И.М., Аристарин М.А. Функция щитовидной железы и ее биоритмические изменения при ишемической болезни сердца и фибрилляции предсердий // Современные проблемы науки и образования. - 2015. - № 1-1
Review
For citations:
Hidirova LD, Yakhontov DA, Kazantseva VD, Zenin SA. Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension in hypothyroid pathology. Ural Medical Journal. 2019;(2):9-13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25694/URMJ.2019.02.18
Views:
109
Email this article 