Risk factors for development of lung fat embolism in casualties with severe mechanical trauma

One of the common and difficult to predict complications of injuries is fat embolism. Lethality rate is up to 67% even with intensive modern therapy. The variety of manifestations of fat embolism, the lack of a unified theory of its occurrence and development, the multiplicity and ambiguity of risk factors for fat embolism make it necessary to study in detail the risk factors for the development of fat embolism for its effective prevention and timely therapy. The results of forensic studies of corpses have been studied. The risk of fat embolism is correlated with the functional state of the organism at the time of injury, the peculiarities of injury, the presence and duration of medical care. Statistical processing of the obtained data using the program MedCalc Statistical for biomedical research, software manual (2014) has been performed. Direct negative regression of the ratio of soft tissue and internal organ damage to the degree of fat embolism has been reliably revealed. A slight direct positive regression between the extent of skeletal bone damage and the degree of fat embolism has been found. The development of fat embolism is associated with the presence of infectious and inflammatory processes in the lungs in 30-40% of cases. The fact of polytrauma does not significantly affect the degree of fat embolism. It was reliably determined that a high degree of fat embolism in a smaller part of cases was diagnosed with a combination of soft tissue damage and internal organs. Currently, the existing schemes of medical care for victims do not have a significant impact on the development of fat embolism. A detailed analysis of the provisions of biochemical and colloidal-chemical theories of fat embolism development is necessary for the development and implementation of recommendations for the prevention of embolism in certain categories of traumatological patients.

жировая эмболия, механическая травма, осложнение, факторы риска развития жировой эмболии, fat embolism, mechanical injury, complication, risk factors for fat embolism

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