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Ural Medical Journal

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No 7 (2018)

DENTISTRY

5-9 289
Abstract
Practicing dentists need to pay great attention to the influence of pharmacological drugs in the diagnosis of oral diseases. An effective solution to this problem is based on the use of international experience in the Russian medical community. In this paper, a literature review is presented that is based on the data presented in the PubMed and E-library databases as of 01.09.2018 and highlights the most common and actively manifested side-effects in the maxillofacial area associated with taking medications acting on the cardiovascular system. This group of drugs includes: β-adrenergic receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, Ca-channel blockers, ATP-dependent potassium channel activators, a2-adrenomimetics, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and diuretics. Medicines can cause diseases of the salivary glands, ulceration in the oral cavity, lichenoid and pemphigoid-like reactions, mucosal pigmentation, oral candidiasis, taste changes, glossopyrosis, gingival hyperplasia, and even angioedema. The most common adverse reaction from the search results is a drug-induced xerostomia.
10-14 212
Abstract
In pharmacy organizations of the Russian Federation there are at least twelve names of dental gels and at least eight names of oral care products. All substances that are part of the soft medicinal forms can be divided into the following groups: active pharmaceutical substance, gellants, plasticizers, preservatives, flavoring agents, neutralizers, flavoring agents, etc. Lidocaine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine and various extracts are most often used as an active pharmaceutical substitute medicinal plants. For the formation of the gel base, it is preferable to use the slightly cross-linked acrylic polymers or cellulose derivatives. As preservatives, esters of para-hydroxybenzoic acid are used as mono-components, and in combination with other substances. Solvents are also an integral part of soft medicinal forms.
15-18 220
Abstract
Among the wide variety of filling materials, the most common light-curing composites are. According to some authors, there is no composite material that does not shrink during polymerization. Polymerization shrinkage of light curing composites is an actual problem in modern dentistry due to the possible emergence of a number of complications: postoperative sensitivity, depressurization of restorations, which subsequently leads to the development of secondary caries, the appearance of cracks in the enamel. This article provides an overview of modern domestic and foreign literature on methods for preventing the polymerization shrinkage of light curing composites. In the course of the study, we identified the main requirements, the observance of which contributes to the reduction of polymerization shrinkage. The data obtained indicate an increase in the quality, durability, and aesthetics in the application of light curing composites.
19-21 113
Abstract
He article deals with topical issues of prevalence and intensity of major dental diseases, as well as the level of oral hygiene, which plays a key role in their development. The decrease in the level of dental health of young people creates a growing demand for the treatment of diseases of hard tissues of teeth, inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues and oral mucosa, the need for orthodontic treatment and prosthetics.
22-25 129
Abstract
The article analyzes our own researches on the role of microecological disorders in the development of dental pathology in young people. The obtained data contribute to the development of pathogenetically based on the complex therapeutic and preventive methods that reduce the risk of their development and progression. The study of microbiota of the oral cavity showed that this category of persons is the domination of opportunistic microorganisms and a decrease in the incidence of resident representatives.
26-29 117
Abstract
In article is present the contents of a histamine in strusture of a gingiva at intact rats, in the conditions of the alcoholic intoxication and with use drugs. Increase in period of alcoholization up to 3 months leads to considerable increase of concentration of a histamine in an epite layer to a mucous membrane (increase up to 6 times). Local use of drugs reliable decrease in level of a histamine in mast cells and as results, reduces to a minimum clinical signs of inflamation in a gingiva.
30-34 132
Abstract
A one-center, prospective, open, parallel, controlled research was conducted. The aim of the study was to examine the dental status and quality of life indicators of patients with early manifestations of tooth wear before and after complex treatment using the quality of life criteria according to the author's version of the questionnaire "Profile of the influence of dental health” OHIP-14-aestetic-RU (Gileva O.S. 2013). The main clinical features of early manifestations of tooth wear were determined. The decrease in the quality of life indicators has been proven even with the early manifestations of tooth wear, optimization of the integral quality of life indicator after the complex treatment of early manifestations of tooth wear.
35-38 108
Abstract
The near and remote results of surgical treatment of three groups of patients (53 persons in each group) of different sex, chronical generalized severe parodontitis in age from 35 to 45 of different sex are presented. The patients were divided into three groups. Before surgical operation patients in all groups received the complex of well-known anti-inflammatory therapy. Moreover, stress-protective and immunocorrecting therapy were assigned to patients in the first group. Surgical treatment was provided with use of osteotropic material «Combiplant» to patients of the first and the second group. The assessment of the results of treatment was made by clinical, functional, ultrasound, radiological and chemiluminescent methods. The best results were obtained in patients, at whom osteoplastic material with stress-protective and immunocorrecting therapy was used during surgical treatment.
39-42 125
Abstract
The quality of life in medicine includes a set of physical, psychological, emotional and social functioning of a person based on his subjective perception. The appearance of herpetic lesions in a functionally and aesthetically important zone has a significant effect on the quality of life of such patients and makes this problem not only medical, but also social. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of herpetic damage of the facial skin and oral mucosa on the quality of life of patients. The study involved 175 patients with herpes simplex of skin (B00.10, ICD-10, 1997), herpes simplex of lips (B00.11), herpetic gingivostomatitis (B00.2X) between September 2011 and July 2018. For quality assessment of patients, a specialized validated questionnaire for the quality of life "Oral health impact profile” (OHIP-49 RU) (Gileva OS, 2009) was used. In case of recurrence of herpes simplex of the face, lip, herpetic gingivostomatitis, the quality of life decreased by 46.6% (the quality of life index was 91.3 ± 8.1 points) on the vesicular and erosive stage; by 21.6% (42.4 ± 3.1, respectively) at the crust stage. During the remission, the quality of life in such patients does not reach its maximum and was only 96.6% (the quality of life index is 6.7 ± 0.8 points), which is associated with a number of restrictions in daily life.
43-47 150
Abstract
The article reflects modern methods for predicting risk predictors and diagnosing the risks of caries and inflammatory periodontal disease. Modern diagnostic non-invasive methods of oral fluid research have been applied, allowing early diagnostics and further therapeutic and prophylactic measures to reduce their prevalence. From this it follows that not only the forecasting of risks is urgent, but also the development and introduction of methods for early diagnosis of caries and periodontal inflammatory diseases, as well as the development of effective therapeutic and prophylactic measures in young people.
48-51 137
Abstract
The purpose of the complex examination was to determine the optical density of bone tissue in the periapical region in the focus of destruction in chronic apical periodontitis of masticatory groups of teeth in young people using methods of radiovisiography and dental computed tomography. To determine the parameters of optical density in the destruction center, 50 sighting images and 18 - dental computer tomograms were performed using radio - imaging data. 68 people aged 20 - 30 years, with various forms of chronic apical periodontitis without endodontic intervention in the anamnesis were examined. Based on the results of the study, there is a significant decrease in optical density in the focus of destruction, which indicates a significant decrease in bone density in the periapical region in chronic periodontitis, obtained by radiovisiography and dental computed tomography were reduced by 2 times compared to the norm. These data should be taken into account when monitoring the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis.
52-57 115
Abstract
Subject. The article devoted to the study of oral cavity microbial flora changing after low balneotherapy with “Fateevskaya” mineral water in patients with removable dentures. Removable dentures are additional basis for microbial proliferation, which can initiate a number of local and general diseases. The importance of preventive control in after-adaptation period in orthopedic rehabilitation by removable dentures. Object: Assess the impact of balneotherapy factors on microbial status in patients with removable dentures. Methodology. 158 elderly and senile age patients witch use removable dentures was examined. All examined patients was divide into two groups. The group received the treatment with the “Fateevskaya” mineral water (78 patients), and the clinical control group (80 patients). Microbiological structure and biological attributes of detected microbes were measure before and after low balneotherapy. Microbiocenosis of oral cavity was study under influence of proposed procedure in both groups. Results: Effect was confirm by acquired digital data. Findings. The results of the study indicate a positive qualitative change of oral cavity microflora under the influence of low balneotherapy. The results allow us to recommend use the “Fateevskaya” mineral water to normalize microbiocenosis in dental practice.

NEUROLOGY

83-88 141
Abstract
Objective. To perform a comparative neurological assessment of neuroprotective activity of citicoline in a prophylactic and therapeutic injection on the model of focal brain ischemia in rats. Matherials and Methods. The study was performed on 51 male rats with weight 180-220 g. We studied the potential of preventative single injection and daily therapeutic injection of citicoline (2000 mg/kg) on the model of 60-minute intravasal occlusion of the left MCA Assessment of neurological deficit in all experimental groups was performed before ischemia and the next 5 days after using the 4-point Bederson scale and the McGraw Stroke Index scale with Ohno modifications. Results. Intravascular occlusion of the left MCA was followed by neurologic disorders of different severity in experimental animals of all groups. At the same time, daily (therapeutic) use of CDP-choline in the postischemic period was not followed by statistically significant improvement in neurological status in rats compared with control group. The most significant protective effect of citicoline, according to neurological test, was marked in cases with single prophylactic injection before ischemia. Conclusion. Prophylactic injection of citicoline possesses a pronounced neuroprotective activity in case of cerebral ischemia, which is manifested by significantly smaller number of cases with neurologic deficit and lethality of experimental animals in comparison with control group.
89-92 120
Abstract
The main modern approach to pharmacological correction of pathobiochemical disorders in the damage of nervous tissue is the use of drugs with pleiotropic effects: neuroreparative, neuroprotective and the ability to modulate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity. The target effect on the key links in the processes of damage to the nervous tissue from the group of neuroprotectors is citicoline, an analog of the natural endogenous mononucleotide cytidine-5-diphosphocholine. The clinical use of this drug is justified by central pharmacological effects, so citicoline is recommended as a means of choice for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Mechanisms for the development of citicoline effects have not been studied sufficiently and are considered primarily in the context of its effect on the synthesis of phospholipids in neuronal membranes and the participation of choline in neurochemical processes. A promising and topical direction is the study of receptor targets in the mechanisms of neuroprotective and neuroreparative effects of this drug.

CARDIOLOGY

72-78 143
Abstract
Functional activity of the endothelium in groups of patients with ischemic heart disease and coronary heart disease in combination with diabetes under condition of absence of significant lesion of coronary arteries. Determine a set of laboratory parameters that determine the likelihood of developing cardiovascular complications. Materials. According to the data of selective coronary angiography, patients without significant coronary stenosis were identified. Group 1 - patients with IHD (n = 29), 2nd group - CHD with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), (n = 39). The study of laboratory parameters of blood serum was performed against the background of standard therapy before and after 12 ± 2.4 months of follow-up. Results. In both groups, the excess of the reference values of the parameters of the lipid profile and the markers of vascular inflammation was revealed. In the 2nd group the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, Apo-B, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine, interleukin 1 beta are significantly higher than in the 1st group. Prospective observation with standard therapy demonstrated the presence of negative dynamics of the lipid spectrum, the preservation of a prolonged response to the activation of the inflammatory reaction, which was indicated by interleukin 1 , homocysteine, matrix metalloproteinase 9 and the persistence of disorganization of the endothelin system in both groups of patients. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate the preservation of a prolonged inflammatory response in the endothelium in both the 1 st and 2 nd group of patients, which can become a provoking factor for the destabilization of the atherosclerotic process. The increased risk of atherothrombosis in both groups of patients requires a strict control of the effectiveness of the therapy in the conditions of real clinical practice.
79-82 127
Abstract
Today the problem of chronic heart failure as a complication of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases continues to be relevant, due to the increase in the prevalence of heart failure, especially the severe stage of heart disease and the main causes of deaths of this cohort of patients. The article presents a clinical case of chronic heart failure syndrome with complex rhythm disturbances in the patient against the background of the transferred transmural myocardial infarction and hypertension. The authors demonstrated that after a thorough assessment of the risk and benefit of various treatment methods, the therapeutic and surgical tactics of management of the patient in this clinical situation were correctly chosen, which allowed not only to prolong life, but also to improve the quality of life of the patient. Thus, in this clinical case, we show the importance of personalized therapy in the progression of chronic heart failure syndrome in patients with combined cardiovascular disease.

SURGERY

93-101 157
Abstract
Meshy titanium endoprostheses were applied for improvement of the results of surgical treatment of inguinal hernias and strengthening of a posterior wall of an inguinal canal. 82 patients with inguinal hernias were operated in the Surgical Department of the Medical Care Unit of the Russian Ministry of Interior in the Sverdlovsk Region and in the General Surgery Clinic of the Ural State Medical University. Lichtenstein titanium mesh hernioplasty with implantation of meshy titanium endoprostheses was performed in all patients. An average bed day was 8,1 ± 0.6. There were satisfactory short- and long-term outcomes.
102-104 119
Abstract
The possibility of using photodynamic therapy in the treatment of patients with purulent wounds resulted from inflammatory diseases of soft tissues, post-operative purulent wounds in outpatient conditions is presented in the article. The study shows that the complex treatment of wounds on the proposed methods reduces the time cleaning the wound of pus, remitting phenomena of perifocal inflammation, accelerates the timing of epithelialization and wound healing.
105-107 110
Abstract
In the article the analysis of the results of examination and treatment of 132 patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. In the study group included 67 patients who underwent comprehensive treatment and prevention of recurrence of ulcerative bleeding in the combination injectable forms of antisecretory drugs with endoscopic photodynamic therapy. In the control group - treatment was carried out by traditional means, which included endoscopic hemostasis and oral administration of antisecretory drugs.
108-115 104
Abstract
The study examined the developmental status of children with dysplasia of the urinary system aged 6 to 10 years with a duration of the disease from 1 month to 5 years. Based on the findings of the study, the results as a whole confirmed the working hypothesis that the physical state of children with MS pathology and its anthropo- and physiometric components is sensitive to the control effect in the form of PH equipment in the year and three-year periods.

UROLOGY

116-121 113
Abstract
High frequency of recurrence is the main problem of organ-preserving tactics in the treatment of bladder cancer. The article presents the results of sensitivity and specificity analysis of urine cytology, BTA-stat test, ultrasound (transabdominal, transrectal, transurethral) and instrumental methods (cystoscopy, photodynamic diagnostics, microcystoscopy) in the diagnosis of recurrence after organ-saving surgical treatment in patients who underwent organ-saving surgery about bladder cancer at the urological clinic of Kazan State Medical University. An algorithm based on the obtained data has been developed for the diagnosis of recurrent bladder cancer
122-126 106
Abstract
Aim To determine the effectiveness of transurethral resection (TUR) and transvesical adenomectomy (TA) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by methods of clinical and economic analysis (CEA). Materials and methods We investigated the results of surgical treatment of BPH with the method of TA with a deaf seam of the bladder (n = 252) and a monopolar TUR (n=40). The duration of urethral drainage was 3.1 ± 0.8 and 2.9 ± 0.6 days, respectively. The cost of one treatment case for TA was 37,309.07 rubles, and for TUR - 50,391.46 rubles. Clinical efficacy (Eff) was determined from three indicators: uroflowmetry, I-PSS, and QoL with performance criteria set for them. In the TA group after 1 month after the operation Eff was 100%. In the TUR group after the same period, Eff by three indicators was 43.3%. Drug therapy (DT) with tolterodine and tamsulosin for 2 months allowed to achieve 100% Eff in the TUR group, but led to an increase in the cost of treatment. CEA was determined by using the cost-effectiveness and cost minimization methods. Conclusion TA with a deaf seam of the bladder has better clinical efficacy and lower costs than TUR. To increase the efficiency of TUR additional DT may be required.
127-131 163
Abstract
In prospective, non-placebo controlled, non randomized investigation were included 98 patients with single stone of ureter. All patients were divided in two groups. The first one underwent standard therapy plus “Prolit Super Septo” (2 capsules 3 times a day), and the second one (n=65) - only standard therapy (drotaverin 40 mg 3 times a day). The total stone expulsions were statistically higher in mane group (85 % vs 66%, р=0.02). The mane trend of stone migration from proximal to distal part of ureter were higher too in first group (52% vs 32 %. р = 0,17). The possibility of stone expulsion ratio in two groups were 4,1:1,0.
132-138 120
Abstract
The role of central mechanisms of urination regulation in patients with vascular diseases of the brain (VDoB): after ischemic insult (II), dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) - is presented in the article. The issues of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment are considered.
139-146 107
Abstract
The study examined the developmental status of children with dysplasia of the urinary system aged 6 to 10 years with a duration of the disease from 1 month to 5 years. Based on the findings of the study, the results as a whole confirmed the working hypothesis that the physical state of children with MS pathology and its anthropo- and physiometric components is sensitive to the control effect in the form of PH equipment in the year and three-year periods.
147-152 120
Abstract
Relevance. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a widespread disease among men of middle, elderly and senile age. The main clinical manifestations of prostatic hyperplasia are urination disorders, the so-called lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The main goals of treating patients with prostatic hyperplasia are to improve the quality of life by eliminating the symptoms of urinary disorders, preventing the occurrence of complications [14]. Despite the developed absolute and relative indications for the surgical treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, the results of this type of treatment do not always suit the surgeon and satisfy the patient. The "golden standard” of surgical treatment of prostate adenoma is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). According to different authors, 20% to 50% of patients have the same symptoms of urination disorder as before the operation. [6,8,9]. In this connection, the purpose of our work was to establish the diagnosis and rationale for the surgical treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, to study the nature and severity of urinary disorders prior to surgery. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of urological department № 3 of the Regional Clinical Hospital "Regional Clinical Hospital No. 3" in the city of Chelyabinsk. 120 patients were observed with BPH diagnosis from 1 year to 15 years. The age of patients varies from 52 to 83 years. All patients entered the urological department to perform surgical intervention-a transurethral resection of the prostate. All patients before the operative treatment and after twice performed an FMS, an invasive UDI and a pressure-flow study. Results. On the basis of our preoperative survey, we established that all patients had moderate and severe LUTS. Complex urodynamic examination with LUTS, namely pressure-flow allows objectively to identify infravesical obstruction, which is characterized by an increase in detrusor pressure and a decrease in the flow rate of urine. Symptoms of the lower middle and severe urinary tract and infravesical obstruction caused by BPH, the absence of the effect of conservative therapy allowed to substantiate the surgical treatment of TURP to all patients, which led to the conclusion that timely detection of infravesical obstruction and detrusor hyperactivity in men with prostatic hyperplasia gland is of great practical importance. Taking these factors into account allows us to reasonably suggest surgical intervention and eliminate infravesical obstruction, correcting the symptoms of bladder filling with medication. The absence of infravesical obstruction in the presence of neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder allows in some cases to refrain from an unjustified operation.

OTHER ARTICLES

153-158 215
Abstract
Resume: the problem discussed in this article is medical rehabilitation of early aged children with cystic fibrosis. The study [research] was conducted in the Children City hospital named after Saint Olga and State Center of cystic fibrosis. Evaluation criteria of medical rehabilitation, rehabilitation potential [potency] scales, assignment algorithms of kinesitherapy and exercise therapy means in early aged children were suggested. It was proved that such rehabilitation programmes were effective in children with cystic fibrosis in the dynamic of one year treatment.
159-165 146
Abstract
Importance of poisonings and problems of medicolegal diagnostics have been defined. The analysis of lethal poisonings indexes in Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk region) has been presented. Optimization of medical institutions has been concluded.
166-171 203
Abstract
The article considers methods of determining "designer" drugs in biological materials and issues of the legal status of methods. It is noted that there are methods of chemical-toxicological diagnosis, which allow to determine the presence of foreign chemicals in biological materials, potentially capable of causing psychotic reactions. However, there are certain legal conditions for the classification of chemical compounds as analogues of drugs or the inclusion in the list of drugs, which complicates the production of forensic medical examination.
172-176 199
Abstract
The availability of functional diagnostics by doctors plays a key role in timely diagnosis. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the adequacy of the provision of medical organizations with doctors of functional diagnosis and to evaluate their activities in an outpatient setting. The data of forms of statistical observation for the period from 2012 to 2016 were analyzed to provide doctors with functional diagnostics and the number of their studies in the context of Federal districts and pilot territories of the country for carrying out photochronometric studies. The study showed that in the Russian Federation and its districts there is a low provision of functional diagnostics by doctors working in outpatient conditions, with a favorable trend to their growth. Despite this, over the past five years there has been an increase in their workload, which is reflected in an increase in the number of studies per doctor-specialist and per resident of the country.
177-181 165
Abstract
Teaching anatomy in medical schools requires reforming in order to improve the quality of teaching students at the current stage of training qualified doctors.
182-191 184
Abstract
The working organization of specialists of different professional groups of medical organizations, especially in the outpatient clinic connected with intense and often tense interpersonal communication, both between medical workers and patients, are getting more often an object of clinical psychology these years. The actuality of our work is the studying of different methods to practice of psychological consultation during destructive work environment - group and individual and experimental research of possible effectiveness of behavior of psychological consultation in context of decrease of whole psychoemotional tense and help to employees of medical organization in solution of stressful situation. Methodological base of research was theoretical and practical studies of psychological consultations (R.Konchuras, B.D. Karvasarckiy, V.U. Menovshikov, N.I. Olifirovich, U.E. Aleshina, A.F. Bondarenko, N.D. Linde and others) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6, 7], studies of systematical methods in psychological consultations (L.F. Burlachuk, A.E. Iwy, M.B. Iwy, L. Simek-Downing, L.A. Hjell, D.Zigler, L.B. Shneider and others) [8, 9, 10, 11], studies of stress psychology (G.Selie, B.R. Mandrel, L.A. Kitaev-Smik, U.B. Sherbatih, V.V. Suvorova and others) [12, 13, 14, 15, 16].
192-197 142
Abstract
Object: the improvement of model of state medical institution management. Aim: the scientific substantiation, development and involvement of complex model of quality management in the state medical organization, integrating economical, marketing and psychological technologies, assuring competitive advantage and development of the institution. The main idea: the use of integrational method in the creation of complex model of quality management of medical care in dental institutions, consisted in integration of economical, marketing and psychological technologies. Methodology: - The unity of consciousness and activity principle (A.N. Leont'ev, S.L. Rubinstein and others.) - The systemic principle (P.K. Anohin, V.P.Kuzmin, B.F.Lomov and others) - The determinism principle ( A.V.Brushlinskiy, L.S. Vigotskiy, A.V.Petrovskiy and others) - The development principle (B.G. Aganiev, L.I. Anciferova, L.I. Bozovich and others Results: Integrational method creates the scientific base for unification of the leading efficiency factors of medical help: economical, marketing, psychological. The quality management model of medical help considers the specific of the activities of the state medical organization and is determined by the peculiarities of composition of the patient population in need of medical care, profile structure of institution, orientation on the main needs of population, and psychoemotional stability of specialists. Conclusion: Theoretical analysis of the problem of quality management of medical care showed that current models and methods directed on the improvement of medical care and service have contradictory character and based not only on final result and economic efficiency criteria (professional, administrative model), but on process using complex of measures directed on more efficient and resultative activity of organization (industrial model). The state politics to improve the quality of medical care and to create the market of medical service and competitive environment in health care offer to use as scientific methods and practical instruments: licensing, standardization, accreditation and competency analysis of specialists and their personal, professional efficiency.
198-208 113
Abstract
The article deals with the clinical case of incomplete Kawasaki syndrome in a child of 8 years. During the first two weeks of observation at an outpatient clinic stage, a child was diagnosed with an acute respiratory viral infection. During hospitalization, differential diagnosis was per-formed with systemic lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. Difficulties in diagnosing were the absence of typical clinical symptoms of Kawasaki's disease at the initial stage of the disease. According to epidemiological studies, the incidence of Kawasaki syndrome in Russia is 2.7 per 100,000 children [3]. The disease is often diagnosed in late terms, as a result of which treatment is prescribed untimely and not always adequate [3]. Kawasaki syndrome is one of the causes of acquired cardiovascular diseases in children [3]. Timely diagnosed and adequately prescribed therapy, avoids the development of severe complications.

OPHTHALMOLOGY

58-61 110
Abstract
Introduction. Currently, in ophthalmic practice, there is no consensus on the methodology and standards for the use of therapeutic physical factors (TFF) in the treatment and subsequent rehabilitation of patients with complicated myopia (CM), the lack of a single evidence base, and a large number of conflicting data on the use of physical factors. Aim. Conduct a scientometric analysis of clinical studies on the use of therapeutic physical factors in patients with complicated myopia. Material and methods. The work was based on the selection and analysis of original studies on the use of therapeutic physical factors in patients with OM, including the search for evidence-based studies in electronic databases PubMed, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), Cochrane Library. The conclusion. Analysis of the search data showed almost complete absence of evidence researches in the field of application of TFF in ophthalmic practice in refractive errors, which makes it very difficult to select physical therapy in such patients, and existing work on TFF application does not meet the requirements and standards in clinical medicine.
62-67 123
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most frequent cause of significant and irreversible loss of central vision in people older than 50 years in a number of developed countries. One of the risk factors in the development of AMD is the low level of antioxidants in blood plasma and diet. The most effective micronutrients with antioxidant properties are vitamins, trace elements and carotenoids, which enter the body with food and are contained in complex preparations recommended by ophthalmologists in order to reduce the risk of AMD progression.
68-71 109
Abstract
Introduction. The concept of ”4 - P” medicine, which includes personalization, predication, preventiveness and partisipativity implies an approach to the treatment of the patient, taking into account its anatomical, physiological, phenotypic and psychophysiological features [1-5]. At the same time, a personified approach to treatment is not feasible without revealing the parameters (responses) (patient health indicators that most significantly responded to treatment) and the determinants of effectiveness (DE) (the correlation between changes in response parameters and key indicators that potentially affect the effectiveness of treatment). Aim. Conduct a mathematical analysis and assessment of the dynamics of significant clinical, instrumental and functional indicators as a result of the course of conservative treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma. Material and methods. The study included 132 patients with the diagnosed primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) of the II stage, divided into two groups with a simple initial randomization: the main one - 86 and the comparison group - 46. All the patient's health indicators were divided into 3 blocks: Z - visual disorders, Y - examination, Z - instrumental and functional studies, consisting of 5, 10 and 12 health indicators respectively. The conclusion. the presence of complaints of transient visual impairment in the patient with POAG and the feeling of flare in the eye, conjunctiva state, as well as increased tonometric intraocular pressure and disturbance of the electrophysiological parameters of the retina and optic nerve are the most significant indicators limiting the overall effectiveness of treatment.


ISSN 2071-5943 (Print)
ISSN 2949-4389 (Online)